Meyer Hamburger

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Meyer Hamburger ( April 5, 1838 in Posen - June 9, 1903 in Berlin ) was a German mathematician who dealt with function theory and differential equations .

Life

His parents were Ernestine and Nathan Zacharias Hamburger and his father was a businessman in Poznan. The family's financial means were limited because of the large number of children. After an excellent high school diploma at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasium in Posen, which the mathematicians Leo Koenigsberger and Lazarus Fuchs had also attended, he began an apprenticeship as a bookseller for six months until his father allowed him to go to Berlin in the winter of 1856 to Industrial Institute Berlin to study chemistry. Since Jewish scholars at the time could not become Prussian officials, his father hoped that there would be prospects for use in the burgeoning chemical industry. There he sat with Richard Doergens and Hermann Amandus Schwarz in the mathematical lectures of the young Karl Weierstrass . When he realized that chemistry was of little interest to him, he switched to the Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin and studied mathematics, physics and philosophy. In April 1863 he passed the teaching qualification exam (then called pro facultate docendi ), but had to sign at the same time that he was not aiming for a teaching position at higher schools where Jews were not allowed in Prussia at that time. From February 1864 until his death he taught as a senior teacher at the boys' school of the Jewish community in Berlin. In 1865 he was awarded a Dr. phil. PhD. The dissertation was published in 1871.

On January 15, 1879, at the suggestion of Julius Weingarten, he also received permission to hold lectures at the Berlin Building Academy . He initially held lectures as a private lecturer. When Eugen Netto went to Giessen in 1883, he was proposed as a successor to the associate professor at Leopold Kronecker's suggestion ; Johannes Knoblauch was preferred . In 1885 he received the teaching assignment for algebraic analysis and algebra as a lecturer at the Technical University of Berlin-Charlottenburg, which had since merged between the building academy and the industrial institute, and was appointed professor. He later gave lectures on Introduction to Function Theory, Calculus of Variations, and Potential Theory.

plant

His work mostly belongs to the field of function theory and the theory of ordinary and partial differential equations. He also appeared in public as a philosophical writer.

He mainly dealt with systems of partial differential equations of the first order ( Pfaff's problem ) and ordinary differential equations in the complex and the behavior of their solutions in the vicinity of singular places (along the research direction established by Lazarus Fuchs, from which the Fuchs differential equation is particularly well known ). In 1873 he noticed that the Jordanian reduction method could be used advantageously in the solution method for differential equations of the nth order with variable coefficients, which was discovered by Lazarus Fuchs.

He was occasionally referred to together with Lazarus Fuchs and Leo Koenigsberger "triumvirate of mathematicians" from Posen.

Memberships, private matters

On December 31, 1895 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . He was a member of the DMV and from 1872 to 1895 of the Berlin Physical Society.

He married Henrietta Landsberg (1852–1928), with whom he had six children; including Toni (1887–1971), the wife of Rabbi Max Wiener .

Publications

  • On the theory of the integration of a system of n linear partial differential equations of the first order with 2 independent and n dependent variables , Journal f. pure u. angew. Math., Volume 81, 1876, pp. 243-280
  • On a principle for representing the behavior of ambiguous functions of a complex variable, in particular the integrals of linear differential equations in the vicinity of singular points , Journal f. pure u. angew. Math., Volume 83, 1877, pp. 185-209
  • On the roots of the fundamental equation that belongs between singular points of a linear differential equation , Journal f. pure u. angew. Math., Volume 84, 1877, pp. 264-266
  • About the Pfaff problem , Archiv d. Math. And Physik, Vol. 60, 1877, pp. 185-215
  • On the theory of the integration of a system of n non-linear partial differential equations of the first order with 2 independent and n dependent variables , Journal f. pure u. angew. Math., Volume 93, 1882, pp. 188-214
  • Expansion of Pfaff's theorem to include simultaneous total differential equations of the first order and integration of a class of simultaneous partial differential equations , Journal f. pure u. angew. Math., Volume 110, 1892, pp. 158-176
  • On the singular solutions of the algebraic differential equations of the first order , Journal f. pure u. Applied Math., Volume 112, 1893, pp. 205-246
  • About the singular solutions of the algebraic differential equations of higher order , Journal f. pure u. angew. Math., Volume 121, 1900, pp. 265-299
  • On the singular solutions of an algebraic system of differential equations of the first order with n dependent variables , Journal f. pure u. angew. Math., Vol. 122, 1900, pp. 322-354
  • About the transformation of closed integrals , Journal f. pure u. angew. Math., Vol. 124, 1902, pp. 28-37
  • About the Cauchy integral , session reports of the Berlin Math. Ges., Volume 2, 1903, pp. 17-25.
  • Commemorative speech for Immanuel Lazarus Fuchs , Archiv d. Math. And Physik, Volume 3, 1902, pp. 177-185

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bleichröder Family Trees Collection
  2. ↑ Hamburger, On the Development of Algebraic Functions in Series, Z. f. Math. And Physik, Volume 16, 1871, pp. 461-491
  3. ^ Leo Königsberger, Polish personal database
  4. ↑ member entry of Meyer Hamburg in the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on 13 April 2017th
  5. ↑ Article Max Wiener in: Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (Ed.), Biographical Handbook of German-Speaking Emigration after 1933, Volume 1, KG Saur 1980
  6. ^ Commemorative speech for Immanuel Lazarus Fuchs , Historia Mathematica Heidelbergensis
personal data
SURNAME Hamburger, Meyer
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH April 5, 1838
PLACE OF BIRTH Poses
DATE OF DEATH June 9, 1903
Place of death Berlin