Mikulczyce

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Location of Mikulczyce in Zabrze

Mikulczyce ( German : Mikultschütz , 1936–1945: Klausberg ) is a district of Zabrze with 15,000 inhabitants. It is located in the Silesian Voivodeship , Poland .

history

The place probably already existed in the 12th century, but was first mentioned in a document in 1311 when it belonged to the knight "Dobeslao de Miculczicz, militibus".

The Roman Catholic parish was first mentioned in the Peterspfennigregister of 1326 in the deanery Sławków (from 1331 Bytom / Bytom , in the 15th century Sławków alias Bytom) of the diocese of Kraków as Niculticz .

The place is located on the western edge of the sub-area of Upper Silesia , which until 1177/1178 belonged to Lesser Poland or to the Duchy of Krakow and then came to the Duchy of Ratibor , which was ruled by the Silesian Piasts . It was from this time that it belonged to the diocese of Krakow until 1821 (then to the diocese of Breslau ). For centuries, the western border of the Krakow diocese ran exactly along the Mikulczycki stream , a right tributary of the Bytomka (German Beuthener Wasser or Iserbach ) in the tributary area of ​​the Klodnitz .

The Duchy of Opole-Ratibor was divided in 1281 after the death of Wladislaus I von Opole and in the end Mikulczyce was in the Duchy of Bytom , from 1370 in the possession of the Dukes of Oels . In the later 15th century, during the Hungarian-Bohemian War, the area was occupied by Matthias Corvinus . At that time, the Duchy of Opole expanded again under John II , the last male descendant from the Opole branch of the Silesian Piasts .

After the death of King Ludwig II , the crown of Bohemia and with it Silesia came to the Habsburgs in 1526 . They were sovereigns of Silesia in their capacity as kings of Bohemia.

After the First Silesian War and the preliminary peace of Breslau , Mikulczyce and most of Silesia fell to Prussia . From 1830 it belonged to the von Henckel von Donnersmarck family . Industrialization followed in the second half of the 19th century. From 1873 it belonged to the Tarnowitz district . In the referendum in Upper Silesia on the future membership of Upper Silesia in 1921, 73% of the voters voted for Poland, but the village remained in Germany, with 20,152 inhabitants in 1933, making it the largest village in the Reich. In 1937 a wooden Protestant church was built. On December 19, 1935, it was renamed Klausberg . The Soviets invaded in January 1945.

Until it was incorporated into Zabrze in 1951, Mikulczyce was an independent municipality. Since then it has been a district of Zabrze (Zabrze-Mikulczyce).

Sports

The successful Mikultschützer club was Sportfreunde Klausberg, founded in 1920 . He played in the top Silesian football league . With the conquest of the territories by the Red Army in early 1945 , the association expired.

Sons and daughters (selection)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ January Ptaśnik (editor): Monumenta Poloniae Vaticana T.1 Acta Apostolicae Camerae. Vol. 1, 1207-1344 . Sums. Academiae Litterarum Cracoviensis, Cracoviae 1913, pp. 213-216 ( online ).