Milbemectins

Milbemectins
Surname	Milbemectin A3	Milbemectin A4
Structural formula
Remainder R =	-CH 3	-CH 2 CH 3
CAS number	51596-10-2	51596-11-3
PubChem	9828343	9959038
Molecular formula	C 31 H 44 O 7	C 32 H 46 O 7
Molar mass	528.7 g mol −1	542.7 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	205.2-208.3 ° C
Solubility in water	practically insoluble
	2.68 mg l −1 at 25 ° C	4.55 mg l −1 at 25 ° C

The milbemectins are chemical compounds from the milbemycins group .

A mixture of the two compounds Milbemycin A3 and Milbemycin A4 in a ratio of 30%: 70% is used as an active ingredient in crop protection under the name Milbemectin (trade name including Milbeknock ).

Occurrence

The milbemectins occur naturally in bacteria of the genus Actinomyces , in which they are produced by fermentation.

properties

The representatives of the milbemectins are white solids that are practically insoluble in water, but soluble in acetone, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol.

use

safety instructions
Surname	Milbemycin A3 and A4 in a ratio of 3: 7
GHS hazard labeling from  Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , expanded if necessary Caution H and P phrases H: 332-302-410 P: ?
Toxicological data	762 (m) or 456 (w) mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )

Milbemectin is used as an acaricide and insecticide in fruit growing. It was developed by the Japanese company Mitsui Chemicals . It is used against spider mites in pome fruit, hops and strawberries as an acaricide and against leaf miners in ornamental plants as an insecticide for use in the greenhouse. It is ingested through direct contact and through eating or sucking. It does not have a systemic effect, but is absorbed into the treated parts of the plant and shifted translaminar. This protects the active ingredient from premature degradation and achieves a lasting, long-term effect. This applies in particular to young leaves; in older leaves this effect is limited by the further developed cuticle and pronounced wax layers. Milbemectin is broken down on the plant surface in a short time, which makes it easier to use the product in growing ornamental plants in combination with beneficial insects. The effect is based on the interruption of the stimulus conduction of the nervous system of spider mites and insects and thus leads to an immediate paralysis and subsequent death of the pests. It is sold under the trade name Milbeknock, for example.

Admission

In 2005, Milbemectin was added to the list of active ingredients for pesticides permitted in the countries of the European Union. Plant protection products with the active ingredient milbemectin are approved in Switzerland, Austria and Germany.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Spiess-Urania: Technical Information Milbeknock ( Memento from September 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on September 1, 2016.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Entry on Milbemycin A4 in the BioPesticide Properties DataBase (BPDB) of the University of Hertfordshire , accessed on January 12, 2014.
3. ↑ ^{a b} BVL: milbemectin
4. ↑ alanwood.net: milbemectin datasheet
5. ^ Entry on Milbemectin in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on July 23, 2016(JavaScript required) .
6. ↑ Entry on [reaction mass of milbemycin A3 (CAS No 51596-10-2) and milbemycin A4 (CAS No 51596-11-3) (30:70)] in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can extend the harmonized classification and labeling .
7. ↑ Directive 2005/58 / EC of the Commission dated September 21, 2005 amending Council Directive 91/414 / EEC to include the active substances bifenazate and milbemectin (PDF) .
8. ↑ General Directorate Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on milbemectin in the EU pesticide database; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on March 13, 2016.