Milka Hartman

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Bust in the Suetschach Culture Park (Carinthia) by France Gorše

Milka Hartman (born February 11, 1902 in Loibach / Libuče near Bleiburg (Slov.: Pliberk); † June 19, 1997 ibid.) Was a poet of the Slovene-speaking ethnic group of Carinthia.

Live and act

After attending the household school in Ljubljana , Milka Hartman initially worked as a home economics teacher in Slovenia and then from 1927 onwards as a kind of wandering home economics teacher on various occasional courses in Carinthia from the Jauntal to the Gailtal before she retired in 1956 due to illness. Employed in educational work throughout her life, she made a contribution to broadening the cultural horizons of the Slovenian girls and women, who in the first half of the 20th century were still limited to children, the church and the kitchen. At the time of the Anschluss , "especially in the March months in which the Germans occupied Austria, so that half of the course was already held among the Germans ", she was leading a cooking course of the Slovenska prosvetna zveza Christian national Slovenian cultural association . Although such courses were hostile to a number of clericals because they took place in inns and at the end of the course “such unpeasant products as cakes and liqueurs were sold”, this cooking course was also suspected by the German side as a medium for inciting the course participants politically, so that Milka Hartman joined in ten other board members of the association was placed under police observation. In 1941 she was temporarily held in Gestapo custody, her father and brother were murdered by the Nazis.

After the Second World War, she became intensively involved in Carinthian-Slovenian women's politics and cultural work. With her texts for staged performances and poems in an " original, intimate poetic language, in which one increasingly felt a sense of loneliness, doubt and poetry, she gave a community that was first challenged about language and then even about its right to exist." sometimes desperate self-evident. “Since she wrote both in the local Slovene dialect and in standardized Slovene - there are, for example, 26 of her dialect poems from 1977 in both versions - Milka Hartman can thus be regarded as the founder of Carinthian Slovene poetry of the 20th century, albeit hers The style of poetry in the tradition of popular poets of the 19th century was later radically challenged by Florjan Lipuš . Many of her folk, very lyrical poems, in which she describes rural life and everyday life before industrialization, were set to music - in part by herself - and are now part of the Slovene songs in Carinthia.

In the Neue Zürcher Zeitung , Milka Hartman is referred to as a " Pan-Slav patriot and a folk, naive poet ". Much of the fate of their ethnic group is reflected in Hartman's life. On the one hand, there is the very subjective and melancholy poetry behind which one can feel the longing of a lonely woman for the ideal rural world of her childhood, folk song-like works of great melancholy. But then there is a very striking, sometimes pathetic, political section that deals with the fate of the Slovenes under the Nazis. Although not all of her poems may meet literary standards, they are important as documents of cultural history and reflections of the horrors of the last century.

Hermagoras Verlag ( Franc Kattnig ) has made a great contribution to Milka Hartman's work. Almost all books since the pesmi z libuškega puela can be traced back to his initiative.

Awards

Several literary prizes and award of the professional title of Professor by Federal President Rudolf Kirchschläger (1983).

Works

  • Dekliške pesmi . Poems . Self-published , Ljubljana 1934.
  • Med cvetjem in v soncu. Dekliške pesmi . Poems. Self-published, Ljubljana 1934. (Reprint: Krščanska kulturna zveza, Klagenfurt 1995)
  • Moje grede . Poems. Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 1952.
  • Lipov cvet . Poems. Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 1972.
  • Pesmi z libuškega puela . Dialect poems, Krščanska kulturna zveza / Klub mladje, Klagenfurt 1977.
  • Zivljenje. Poezije. Melody . Collected works in three volumes. Edited by Feliks J. Bister , Klagenfurt-Vienna 1982
  • Poems from Carinthia . Poems in German translation. Edited by Janko Ferk . Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 1987.
  • Midsummer Night / Kresna noč. Sedemintrideset pesmi . 37 poems translated into English by Tom Priestly . Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 1992.
  • Zimske rože. Izbrane pesmi . Poems. Edited by Marjan Strojan . Ellerjeva edicija Volume 20, Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 1998, ISBN 3-85013-535-7 .
  • Store dekve težva = Lamentation of the old maid Hg.v. Jozef Strutz and Peter Rust. Hermagoras Klagenfurt / Ljubljana / Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-85013-718-X .
  • Težka je moja misel od spominov . Izbral, uredil in sklepno besedo napisal Andrej Leben, Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-7086-0293-6 . In translation as:
  • The frost spins the beds with fine nets . From the Slovenian by Erwin Köstler and Andrej Leben , with an afterword by Andrej Leben. Drava Verlag, Klagenfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-85435-507-6 .

literature

  • Andrea Sturm: Milka Hartman. Materials on the biography and literary-poetic life's work of a Slovenian poet from Carinthia . Thesis . Graz 1995
  • Maria Player: Milka Hartman. In: Johann Strutz: Profiles of the more recent Slovenian literature in Carinthia. 2nd Edition. Hermagoras, Klagenfurt 1998.
  • Andreas Leben: Captured and excluded. Slovenian literature in Carinthia . (= Slovenian Institute for Alps-Adriatic Research Klagenfurt, dissertations and treatises / Dissertacije in razprave volume 34). Drava-Verlag, Klagenfurt 1994, ISBN 3-85435-208-5 .
  • The Carinthian Slovenes. Search for clues. (= Story told. Reports from resistance fighters and persecuted people, Volume 4). Österreichischer Bundesverlag, Vienna 1990.
  • Andreas Moritsch: The Carinthian Slovenes 1900–2000. Balance of the 20th century . Hermagoras, Klagenfurt-Wien 2000, ISBN 3-85013-753-8 .
  • Karl F. Stock, Rudolf Heilinger, Marylène Stock: Personal bibliographies of Austrian poets from the beginning to the present. 2nd Edition. Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-11570-9 , p. 2341.
  • Helena Verdel: Resistance of the Carinthian Slovenes. In: Yearbook 2009, Documentation Archive of Austrian Resistance. Lit Verlag, Berlin / Hamburg / Münster 2009, ISBN 978-3-643-50010-6 , pp. 145–158.
  • Evelyn Steinthaler: Women 1938: Persecuted, Resistant, Followers. Milena Publishing House, 2008, ISBN 978-3-85286-161-6 .
  • Peter Turrinin: My Austria. Speeches, polemics, essays . (Luchterhand collection 811). Luchterhand Literaturverlag, Darmstadt 1988, ISBN 3-630-61811-1 .
  • "Our Dialect Sounds Stupid": The Importance of Attitudes to So-Called Sub-Standard Language Codes as a Factor in the (Non-) Retention of Slovene in Carinthia, Austria. In: Durk Gorter (Ed.): Fourth International Conference on Minority Languages, Leeuwarden 1989. Volume 2: Western and Eastern European papers . (= Volume 71), Multilingual Matters, Clevedon, Avon, GB / Bristol, PA 1990, ISBN 1-85359-111-4 , pp. 135-149.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Austrian National Institute : Die Republik, Part 4 , Verlag Österreichisches Nationalinstitut, Vienna 1979, p. 25.
  2. ↑ Evelyn Steinthaler: Women 1938: Persecuted, Resistant, Followers. Publisher Milena 101.
  3. ↑ Milena Gröblacher: From, windische Ljubica. ( Memento from January 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: Narrated history of the Carinthian Slovenes. Volume 4: The Carinthian Slovenes. Search for clues. Vienna 1990.
  4. ^ Helena Verdel: Resistance of the Carinthian Slovenes . In: Yearbook 2009, Documentation Archive of Austrian Resistance. Berlin / Hamburg / Münster 2009, p. 153f.
  5. ^ Slovene Studies . In: Journal of the Society for Slovene Studies. Vol. 22-24, pp. 102f.
  6. ^ Anton Kreuzer: Carinthian 16th - 20th century. Kärntner Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Klagenfurt 1998, ISBN 3-85391-151-X , p. 163.
  7. ↑ Stefan Michael Newerkla : Slavic Studies INFO ( Memento from July 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Publ. NEW Milka Hartman (ed. By Andrej Leben), German and Slovenian
  8. ^ Tom Priestly: "Our Dialect Sounds Stupid": The Importance of Attitudes to So-Called Sub-Standard Language Codes as a Factor in the (Non-) Retention of Slovene in Carinthia, Austria. In: Durk Gorter (Ed.): Fourth International Conference on Minority Languages, Leeuwarden 1989 Volume 2: Western and Eastern European papers . (= Multilingual Matters Volume 71), Clevedon et al. 1990, ISBN 1-85359-111-4 , p. 138.
  9. ^ Fabian Prilasnig: The Slovenian minority in Carinthia - from the beginning to the present . Seminar paper Univ. Graz, Academic Publication Series GRIN Verlag, Norderstedt 2007, ISBN 978-3-640-17163-7 , p. 45.
  10. ↑ Klaus Amann (Ed.): Words. Margins. Transitions . Publication by the Musil Institute of the University of Klagenfurt, Carinthian Literature Archive, Verlag Ritter, Klagenfurt-Wien 2002, ISBN 3-85415-315-5 , p. 247.
  11. ↑ Peter Turrinin: My Austria . Luchterhand Collection 811, Luchterhand Literaturverlag, Darmstadt 1988, ISBN 3-630-61811-1 , p. 113.
  12. ↑ Neue Zürcher Zeitung of June 14, 2008: Uwe Stolzmann's review of Der Frost spins the beds with fine nets
personal data
SURNAME Hartman, Milka
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian poet of the Slovene-speaking ethnic group of Carinthia
DATE OF BIRTH February 11, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Loibach / Libuče
DATE OF DEATH June 19, 1997
Place of death Loibach / Libuče