Bristle miere

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Bristle miere
Minuartia setacea sl7.jpg

Bristle Miere ( Minuartia setacea )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Alsinoideae
Genre : Mieren ( Minuartia )
Type : Bristle miere
Scientific name
Minuartia setacea
(Thuill.) Hayek

The bristle chickweed ( Minuartia setacea ) is a plant from the genus of Mieren ( Minuartia ) within the family of Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllaceae).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The bristle chickweed is a perennial herbaceous plant that usually reaches heights of 10 to 15 cm. The mostly numerous stems are more or less upright. The oppositely arranged, sitting leaves are usually 3 to 20 mm long and 5 to 30 times as long as they are wide. The leaf blade is simple, undivided, with entire margins and from linear to awl shape. There are no stipules .

Generative characteristics

The flowering time of the bristle miere extends in Central Europe from May to mid-September. The inflorescence is a thyrse . The flower stalks of the terminal flowers are usually 2 to 4 times as long as the sepals and 1 to 3 times as long as the uppermost leaves during the flowering period. The radially symmetrical flowers are hermaphroditic. The five free sepals are 2 to 4.5 mm long, pointed at the end and white in color with green stripes on both sides of the median nerve. The five undivided, white petals are slightly longer than the sepals. There are ten stamens and an upper ovary with three styluses .

The fruit is a capsule that opens with three flaps . The fruit is as long or slightly longer than the sepals.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.

ecology

The bristle chickweed is a Chamaephyte . The species is considered to be lime-loving. It occurs on shallow stone soils, on limestone, dolomite, basalt, porphyry, etc. and loves summer warmth. In Central Europe it is a species of the Diantho-Festucetum, but also occurs in companies of the Xerobromion association.

distribution

The species has its natural range and a. in Central , West , East and Southeast Europe . It occurs in France, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Ukraine, Poland, Moldova, Romania, Greece, Bulgaria, Albania and in the Aegean Sea. In the German-speaking area , the species is indigenous only in Austria and Germany .

In Austria, the Borsten-Miere occurs in Lower Austria , Burgenland , Styria and possibly in Upper Austria and Tyrol scattered or rarely on rock and gravel fields in the colline to submontane altitude range . The species is considered endangered in Austria.

Systematics

Two subspecies are given for Austria, which, however, require further research: There are three subspecies in Europe:

  • Common bristle chickweed ( Minuartia setacea subsp. Setacea ): The sepals here are usually 3 to 3.5 mm long and ovate-lanceolate. The petals are 3.5 to 4.5 mm long. The flowering shoots usually have 5 to 20 flowers.
  • Banat Borsten -Miere ( Minuartia setacea subsp. Bannatica (Rchb.) Nyár. ): The sepals here are usually 3.5 to 4.5 mm long and linear-lanceolate. The petals are 5 to 5.5 mm long. The flowering shoots usually have only 2 to 5 flowers. It occurs in Austria, Hungary, the former Yugoslavia, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania and Slovakia.
  • Minuartia setacea subsp. olympica Kamari : It only occurs in Greece.

photos

  • Stem with linear leaves.

  • The inflorescence is a loose thyrse, the pedicels are usually two to four times as long as the calyx.

  • The sepals are white and have a green stripe on both sides of the median nerve.

  • The flowers have five petals, an upper ovary with three styles and ten stamens.

  • The fruit (above) is as long or longer than the sepals.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 321 .
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. 382.
  3. ↑ a b c d Karol Marhold: Caryophyllaceae. Minuartia setacea . In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
  4. ↑ The Euro + Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity , accessed December 29, 2014.

Web links

Commons : Borsten-Miere  - Collection of images, videos and audio files