Moritz Fleischer

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Moritz Fleischer (born January 2, 1843 in Kleve , † May 20, 1927 in Berlin- Steglitz) was a German moor researcher, cultural technician and agricultural chemist .

Live and act

Moritz Fleischer was the son of the educator and publicist Karl Moritz Fleischer and Sophie Niemeyer, the daughter of Franz Anton Niemeyer . After graduating from high school, he completed an internship as a miner in Eisleben and then studied natural sciences at the universities of Berlin and Greifswald . In 1867 he received his doctorate in Greifswald with a dissertation in the field of organic chemistry . He then worked at the agricultural test stations in Möckern , Hohenheim and Göttingen-Weende . From 1877 to 1891 he was in charge of the newly founded moor research station in Bremen. The research of the scientific basis of the bog culture was the focus of his activity. In 1886, in the “Landwirtschaftliche Jahrbücher” (Agricultural Yearbooks), he published a highly regarded experience report on the moorland dam culture recommended by Theodor Hermann Rimpau at the time .

In 1891, Fleischer was appointed full professor of chemistry at the Agricultural University in Berlin . Here he also gave lectures on bog science and bog culture . Since 1898 he worked as a lecturing council in the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests . With the support of the " Association for the Promotion of Moor Culture in the German Empire ", he carried out numerous investigations on moor areas and checked their suitability as arable, meadow or pasture locations. Fleischer retired in 1910. However, he continued his moor lectures at the Agricultural University in Berlin until he was 80.

Fleischer was the author of the soil science section in Christian August Vogler's book "Basic principles of cultural technology" (1st edition, 1896), which was published several times . After a thorough revision, he published this part in 1922 as an independent work under the title “ Soil science on a chemical-physical basis” . His practice-oriented publications should be highlighted in the book “The layout and management of moor meadows and moor pastures” (1912, 3rd edition 1921).

Books and writings

  • The dephosphorization of iron by the Thomas process and its importance for agriculture . Publisher Paul Parey Berlin 1885.
  • The natural enemies of the Rimpau moorland culture . In: Landwirthschaftliche Jahrbücher Vol. 15, 1886, pp. 47–115.
  • The peat litter, its production and use . 2., completely redesigned. Edition d. Mendel's ( Heinrich von Mendel-Steinfels ) work of the same name (1882). Publisher Heinsius Bremen 1890.
  • Settlement of the north-west German raised bogs . Ceremonial address in Berlin 1894. Paul Parey Berlin publisher 1894.
  • The lecture on the scientific basics of bog culture . In: The Royal Agricultural University in Berlin. Festschrift to celebrate the 25th anniversary. Paul Parey Berlin 1906, pp. 129-134.
  • The creation and management of bog meadows and bog pastures . Paul Parey Berlin 1913; 2nd edition 1913; 3rd edition 1921.
  • Soil science on a chemical-physical basis . Verlag Paul Parey Berlin 1922, 5. neubearb. Edition = Kulturtechnische Bücherei Vol. 1.

literature

  • B. Tacke: Moritz Fleischer . In: Deutsche Landwirtschaftliche Presse vol. 54, 1927, p. 305 (with picture).
  • Otto E. Heuser:  Fleischer, Hermann Moritz. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 233 ( digitized version ).
  • Kurt Illner: Moritz Fleischer (January 2, 1843– May 20, 1927) . In: From Thaer to Mitscherlich. Short biographies of important Berlin agronomists = contributions to the history of the Humboldt University in Berlin No. 16, 1987, pp. 37–40 u. 77.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Fleischer, Moritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Moor researcher, cultural technician
DATE OF BIRTH January 2, 1843
PLACE OF BIRTH Kleve
DATE OF DEATH May 20, 1927
Place of death Berlin- Steglitz