Moskvich-410

Moskvich
Restored Moskvich-410 (2014)
Moskvich-410
Sales designation:	Москвич-410
Production period:	1957-1961
Class :	Off-road vehicle
Body versions :	Limousine , station wagon
Engines:	Otto engine : 1.2–1.4 liters (26–33 kW)
Length:	4055 mm
Width:	1540 mm
Height:	1683 mm
Wheelbase :	2377 mm
Empty weight :	1150-1180 kg
Previous model	none
successor	Moskvich-415 (prototypes only)

The Moskwitsch-410 ( Russian Москвич-410 ) is an off-road vehicle with all-wheel drive of the Soviet manufacturer Moskowski Sawod Malolitraschnych Awtomobilej (Russian Московский завод малолитражных автомобилей short MZMA or МЗМА Russian, known by the use of the brand name Moskwitsch ) of 1957 to 1961 in Series was built. It combines the chassis of an off-road vehicle with the body of the Moskvich-402 passenger car . A station wagon was built under the name Moskvich-411 (Russian Москвич-411).

Vehicle history

Unrestored Moskvich-410 (2012)

Modernized Moskvich 410N, recognizable by the radiator grille (2009)

View of the driven front axle of a Moskvich 410 (2014)

In the Soviet Union, four-wheel drive cars were largely out of use before World War II . It was not until the 1940s that the first developments such as the GAZ-64 were ready for series production and were later built in larger numbers with models such as the GAZ-67 and GAZ-69 , especially for the army . Although these vehicles were off-road, there was no comfort for the driver or passengers.

In order to remedy this problem, attempts were already made during the war to move a body from an ordinary car onto an all-terrain chassis. This is how the GAZ-61 was created , but it was only built in small series for high-ranking military personnel. It was not until 1955 that the Gorkowski Avtomobilny Sawod took up the idea again and built the GAZ-M72, an off-road sedan in series, which was provided with the usual passenger car comfort of its time. Production was discontinued three years later.

A year before the production stop of the GAZ-M72, MZMA began manufacturing the Moskvich-410 in Moscow. The concept was the same as for the GAZ vehicle. A chassis with all-wheel drive and greater ground clearance was mounted under the body of the Moskvich-402, which is only suitable for road use. The main components such as the engine, transmission and body were taken over from the road car, the chassis was built from parts of the GAZ-69 off-road vehicle. In addition, the body was reinforced at various points with additional sheets. The resulting vehicle was built in series unchanged for about a year until 1958.

In 1958, MZMA's production was changed from the Moskvich-402 to the Moskvich-407 . Little changed in the external shape, only the radiator grille was redesigned and some other little things changed. The four-cylinder gasoline engine, however, was drilled out from 72 to 76 mm, so that the displacement increased from 1221 cm³ to 1361 cm³. The gearbox was also replaced, so there was now a four-speed gearbox instead of a three-speed gearbox. These changes were adopted for the Moskvich-410 in the same year. From then on, the vehicle was designated as the Moskvich-410N . In addition, the curb weight decreased slightly.

In addition to the sedan version, the Moskvich-411 came on the market as a station wagon. The vehicle had the same technical equipment as the Moskvich-410N, but the body of the Moskvich-423N was put on.

Although there was a very high demand for four-wheel drive cars in the Soviet Union itself, around a third of the vehicles were exported. As Moskvich-410P even went right-hand drive copies to the UK and Australia . Exactly 11,890 copies of all versions had been built by 1962, including around 1,500 station wagons. Nikita Khrushchev personally no longer considered the production necessary, whereupon the model was discontinued. It was not until the Lada Niva in 1976 that a passenger vehicle with all-wheel drive that could be bought by the general public came onto the Soviet market again.

At MZMA there had been further experiments with passenger cars with all-wheel drive since 1957, which were strongly based on the American Jeep CJ . The resulting Moskvich-415 and its successors all remained prototypes.

Technical specifications

swell	Moskvich-410	Moskvich-410N
engine	Four-cylinder gasoline engine
Engine type	"Moskvich-402"	"Moskvich-407"
power	35 hp (26 kW) at 4500 min -1	45 hp (33 kW)
Displacement	1221 cc	1361 cc
Hub	75 mm
drilling	72 mm	76 mm
compression	7: 1
consumption	6.5 l / 100 km at a constant 40 km / h
transmission	manual 3 forward gears, 1 reverse gear	manual shift 4 forward gears, 1 reverse gear
Top speed	90 km / h	100 km / h
Drive formula	4 × 4
length	4055 mm
width	1540 mm
height	1683 mm
wheelbase	2377 mm
Gauge	1220 mm (front and rear)
Ground clearance	220 mm
Empty weight	1180 kg	1150 kg

literature

• LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ. России и СССР. First part. Ilbi / Prostreks, Moscow 1993, ISBN 5-87483-004-9 .
• LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ. России и СССР. Second part. Ilbi / Prostreks, Moscow 1994, ISBN 5-87483-006-5 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} L. M. Shugurow: АВТОМОБИЛИ. России и СССР. Second part, p. 109 f.
2. ↑ ГАЗ-М72: когда деревни были большими. «За рулем», November 2014. (Russian)
3. ↑ LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ. России и СССР. First part. P. 238.
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Detailed article on the history of the Moskvich-410 including technical data (Russian)

Web links

Commons : Moskvich-410  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files