Mudzborgh
| Mudzborgh | ||
|---|---|---|
| Creation time : | probably 12th or 13th century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Place: | Hanover - Misburg | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 23 '23.3 " N , 9 ° 51' 21.7" E | |
|
||
The Mudzborgh is an Outbound medieval castle complex in today's district Misburg of Hanover in Lower Saxony . Its location is believed to be on the property of the St. Anne's Church, built in 1955. The historically handed down castle name (Mudz for Mudde , borgh for castle) indicates a location in a swampy area and was apparently adopted for the settlement of Misburg.
Location and building description
The fortification was built in the Middle Ages on a dry headland at the narrowest point between the swampy lowlands of the Seckbruch and the Breite Wiese. In addition to the protected location in inaccessible terrain, there was a further advantage of the location due to the Hannoversche Landwehr , which was three kilometers away and was created as a protection system for Hanover in the 14th century.
Little is known today about the time when the Mudzborgh was built, how it was built, how long it was used and when it ended. The Misburg local historian Anton Scholand suspected in 1960 that the castle consisted of ramparts in the style of a refugee castle and was built in the 12th or 13th century. Sand walls still existed at their previous location until 1947. Finds in the 20th century make a construction using stone material likely.
The location of the castle was passed down by the field name Alte Burg , today the street of the same name "Behind the Old Castle" is located there. The seemingly desolate fallen castle site was later built over by a courtyard. It was farm number 7 in Misburg, which no longer exists today. A memo from 1652 says that a lieutenant Johan Putzstohl (1603–1673) built his house on the former castle site. The house was converted into a Catholic chapel in 1932. During the Second World War , the chapel was destroyed in the air raids on Hanover and Misburg. The Catholic St. Anna Church was built on the property in 1955. During the construction work, archaeologically relevant findings such as remains of the foundation wall, hewn sandstone blocks and the remains of wood from a well were uncovered in the ground . They have not been investigated further because of the rapid pace of construction of the church. Local history researcher Anton Scholand found on a farm about 80 meters from the castle site that its foundation walls were made of the same hewn sandstones as those of the castle site. He suspected that in earlier centuries farmers had got the stone material from the desolate castle site to erect their buildings.
Territorial Affiliation
Today's Misburg was originally in the Saxon district of Astfala around Hildesheim . Ecclesiastically, the area has always belonged to the Hildesheim diocese . As a territorial lord, the diocese had castles built to consolidate its power during the Middle Ages. This also happened in Misburg, as a manuscript from the 15th and 16th centuries (Beverin Library No. 49) shows:
- Misborg a desert Veltmark, vorzeyten was a castle belonging to the Hildesheim monastery.
The diocese passed on Misburg as a fief . It is not clear whether the fiefdom was the castle or an associated settlement, but probably both. First Misburg came to the Counts of Roden around the 12th century , who had their seat at Lauenrode Castle in today's Hanover. By transferring the fiefdom to Duke Otto I the child, the area came under the rule of the Guelphs in the 13th century .
Misburg was first mentioned in documents as Mudzborgh in 1365. Duke Wilhelm zu Braunschweig and Lüneburg granted the citizens of Hanover the privilege of cutting peat in the Altwarmbüchener Moor , the location of which he described between Altwarmbüchen , Lahe and the Misburger (Mudzborgher) wood.
- “By God's grace we Herr Wilhelm Herzoge tho Brunswick and a. 1365 to Lüneborch confess openbahr in this Breve dat we usen leven Borgern user city of Hanover raise georlovet unde Gegeven ewichliken to bridging, there like op dem More, there lecht between the Warmboke ande the Mudzborgher Holte unde the lae torff stuck and let them grave and those ... "
In a document from Bishop Gerhard von Hildesheim from 1373 it is recorded that Misburg was responsible for the repair and expansion of the Hanoverian Landwehr ("the Landwere between Middesborch and Hanover ..."). The Hanoverian mayor Christian Ulrich Grupen described Misburg in his work Origines et Antiquitates Hannoverenses from 1740 as follows:
- "Mißborg a wild Feldmarck together with the Mißborger Holz has been a Borch for times, belonging to the Hildesheim Foundation, now the von Alten live there."
In 1380 the village of Misburg came under the name Middesburg for 700 marks to the bishop Gerhard von Hildesheim. In 1500 the diocese of Hildesheim sold the village to the noble family von Alten. After further changes of ownership and the Hildesheim collegiate feud, Misburg came under Duke Erich I of Calenberg around 1550 . Misburg remained part of the Principality of Calenberg in the following centuries .
literature
- Anton Scholand : Misburg. Soil and population through the ages , Hildesheim, 2nd edition. 1960
- Wolfgang Illmer (Ed.), Winfried Baßmann, Juan Carlos Blanco Varela: Chronicle Misburg. Origin to present. 1st edition. W. Illmer, Hannover-Misburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-00-038582-7 .
- NN : New chronicle shows "Mudzborgh" near Misburg / A castle protected the area around today's Misburg 1000 years ago, as a new chronicle shows. This is now also celebrated with a medieval festival. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung . May 22, 2013, updated May 25, 2013; (on-line)
- Juan Carlos Blanco Varela, Wolfgang Illmer: 1000 years of Mudzborgh. From Mudisa via Mudzborgh to Misburg. Anniversary edition. wochenspiegel Verlag, Hannover 2015.
Web links
- Entry by Stefan Eismann zu Misburg in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Historical reconstruction drawing
Individual evidence
- ↑ Six castles once stood guard in the city of Hanover. at: myheimat