Mykola Voronyj
Mykola Kindratowytsch Woronyj ( Ukrainian Микола Кіндратович Вороний ; born November 24, jul. / 6. December 1871 greg. Yekaterinoslav governorate , Russian Empire ; † 7. June 1938 in Odessa , Ukrainian SSR ) was a Ukrainian writer, translator, actor and political activist .
Life
Voronyj studied, interrupted by arrests for his political activities (he had ties to the Narodniki and distributed forbidden literature) at the Pedagogical Institutes of Kharkiv and Rostov-on-Don . After three years of surveillance by the tsarist police, he studied abroad at the universities of Vienna and Lemberg , where he met Ivan Franko . After completing his studies, he became director of the Ukrainian theater in Ternopil . In 1897 he returned to the Russian-dominated part of Ukraine and worked as an actor in the theater ensembles of Marko Kropywnyzkyj and Panas Saksahanskyj . At that time he became a member of the Ukrainian Revolutionary Party . From 1901 he worked in the administration of the Chernigov Governorate and wrote dramatic reviews.
In 1910 Mykola Woronyj moved to Kiev, where he published his first collection of poems Lyrik ( Ліричні поезії ) in 1911 and In the Shine of Dreams ( В сяйві мрій ) in 1913 . After the February Revolution of 1917 he became one of the founders and directors of the Ukrainian National Theater in Kiev and a founding member of the Central Na Rada of the Ukrainian People's Republic . In 1920 he emigrated abroad and in 1920/1921 continued to work in a leading position for the Ukrainian government-in-exile in Warsaw . There he published a collection of new poems "For Ukraine" ( За Україну ) in 1920 . From Warsaw he moved to Lviv, where he taught at the music academy and drama school. In 1926 Voronyj emigrated to the Ukrainian SSR. There he taught at the Kharkiv Music and Theater Institute and later moved to Kiev, where he worked as a screenwriter, critic and translator.
The NKVD arrested him in 1934 for alleged espionage for Poland and he was exiled to Voronezh for three years . From 1937 he lived in the village of Hlynjane ( Глиняне ) in Kirovohrad Oblast . There he was arrested again during the Great Terror on April 29, 1938, sentenced to death for counterrevolutionary activities and shot on June 7 in Odessa. After Stalin's death, the Presidium of the Kirovohrad Regional Court rehabilitated him on November 10, 1957 and in 1959 a collection of his poems "Selected Poems" was published.
Mykola Woronyj's son Marko Woronyj , who was also a poet and translator, belonged to the Ukrainian generation of artists from the rebirth executed in Sandarmoch .
Voronyj became famous as a translator of the socialist battle song Die Internationale into Ukrainian .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Article on Vorony, Mykola in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine ; accessed on July 19, 2016 (English)
- ↑ Biography Mykola Woronyj on Ukr.-Lit. accessed on July 19, 2016 (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Mykola Woronyj biography on dovidka , accessed on July 19, 2016 (Ukrainian).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Woronyi, Mykola |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Вороний, Микола Кіндратович (Ukrainian); Voronyj, Mykola Kindratowytsch (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Ukrainian writer, translator, actor and political activist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 6, 1871 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Yekaterinoslav Governorate , Russian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 7, 1938 |
| Place of death | Odessa , Ukrainian SSR |