Natalena Korolewa

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Natalena Korolewa (1905)

Natalena Andrianiwna Koroleva ( Ukrainian Наталена Андріанівна Королева , Russian Наталена Андриановна Королёва Natalena Andrianowna Koroleva ; * 3. March 1888 in Castrillo del Val , Castile and Leon , Spain ; † 1. July 1966 in Mělník , Czechoslovakia ) was a Ukrainian writer , theater actress , Opera singer and art critic of Ukrainian-Spanish-Polish-Lithuanian descent.

Life

Natalena Korolewa was born in the monastery of San Pedro de Cardeña ( ⊙ ) in Castrillo del Val near Burgos as Carmen-Alphonse-Fernanda-Estrella-Natalia Dunin-Borkowski. Her father was Andrzej Jerzy Dunin-Borkowski, a Polish count and academically trained archaeologist who lived mainly in France . Her mother Marie-Clara de Castro Lachard came from the old Spanish de Lachard family. Since her mother died in childbirth, she spent the first five years of her life with her grandmother Theophilia Dunina from the Lithuanian - Ukrainian noble family Domontowytsch (Домонтовичі) in the village Velyki Borky (Великі Борки) in the Volyn Governorate of the Russian Empire . After her grandmother died, her uncle Eugenio, the brother of her late mother, a Spanish guard officer, brought her back to Spain. She spent the following twelve years in the Notre-Dame de Sion monastery in the French Pyrenees , where she received training in languages, philosophy, history, archeology, medicine, music and singing. She learned horse riding, fencing and shooting from her Spanish relatives, whom she often visited.

In the meantime, her father married a Czech noblewoman and moved with his wife to Kiev , where the now 17-year-old Natalena followed in the autumn of 1904 to continue her education. She already mastered Spanish, French, Latin, Italian, Arabic and, through her childhood in Volhynia, a little Ukrainian and Polish. After learning the Russian language, she attended the Kiev Institute for Higher Daughters , where she received music lessons from Mykola Lysenko and graduated two years later. She then evaded a marriage arranged by her parents by going to St. Petersburg to study . There she graduated from the Archaeological Institute, did her doctorate in archeology and studied Egyptology . In parallel, she studied at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts , from which she received a diploma as a freelance artist.

After completing her education, Natalena Korolewa had art exhibitions in Saint Petersburg and Warsaw . She then went to the French St. Michaels Theater in Saint Petersburg as an actress and signed a contract with the Parisian " Theater Gymnase ", which then toured in Petersburg. Due to her poor health, however, despite her stage success, her theater career failed. She left the theater to go to Transcaucasia for treatment . In 1908 she traveled to Western Europe, where she received further treatment and worked in the fields of art and archeology. During this period she stayed in Spain, France, Italy and the Middle East, where she participated in archaeological excavations in Pompeii and Egypt, among others . She also appeared in the opera houses of Paris and Venice , where she sang the part of Carmen in the opera by Georges Bizet . From 1909 she began to publish works of art and scientific articles in French in French literary and scientific magazines, so that the well-known French writer Anatole France already predicted a great literary future in France for her.

Natalena's husband Vasyl Koroliv

At the beginning of the First World War , she went to her dying father in Kiev. Since the borders were closed due to the war, she worked for almost three years as a nurse in the Russian Army with the Red Cross , where she was wounded several times and received the military medal of St. George's Cross "For Commitment and Courage" . During the war she married a Persian-born officer in the Russian army who died shortly after the wedding in Warsaw. Thereupon she transferred his body to Persia and returned to Kiev. At the end of the war, she and her stepmother went to Lviv , where her stepmother died. From here Natalena went into the Czechoslovak Prague , where she began working as an elementary school teacher and the Ukrainian writer Vasyl Koroliw ( Василь Костянтинович Королів ; 1879-1941) met, they already knew from Kiev. After the two got married, they bought a house on the outskirts of Mělník near Prague, where she lived until the end of her life.

From 1919 Korolewa worked temporarily as a translator in the diplomatic mission of the Ukrainian People's Republic in Czechoslovakia and, at the request of the Ministry of Education, put together a small Czech-Ukrainian dictionary, which was edited by Stepan Smal-Stozkyj . On the advice of her husband, she began to write in Ukrainian. Her first work in Ukrainian was published in the Ukrainian weekly Will on January 15, 1921 . From the mid-1930s she became known and loved through her books. She has also translated works by Thomas von Kempen , among others , into Ukrainian. She died in Mělník at the age of 78 and was taken to the Sv. Václav, buried near her husband's grave.

Publications (selection)

  • Во дні они (Wo dni ony) , 1935
  • "1313", 1935
  • Без коріння (Bes korinnja) , 1936
  • Інакший світ (Inakschyj swit) , collection of short stories, 1936
  • Предок (Predok) , 1937
  • Сон тіні (Son tini) , 1938
  • Легенди старокиївські (Lehendy starokyjiwski) , 1942/43
  • Quid est veritas? 1961

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A woman in history - Natalena Korolewa: Life as an adventurous novel in: Повага. Сайт кампанії проти сексизму у політиці і ЗМІ ( German  "Respekt", campaign page against sexism in politics and the media ) from November 21, 2016; accessed on April 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  2. ↑ a b c d Natalena Korolewa on dovidka.biz.ua ; accessed on April 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Natalena Korolewa in the Library of Ukrainian Literature ; accessed on April 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  4. ↑ The Queen of Knowledge and Adventure: The Story of the Spanish Aristocrat who was actively Ukrainized in the Czech Republic in Україна Молода on April 7, 2018; accessed on April 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  5. ↑ Spanish countess grew up in Volhynia in visnyk.lutsk.ua from October 2, 2014; accessed on April 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  6. ↑ a b Entry on Natalena Andrianiwna Korolewa in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on April 5, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  7. ↑ Entry on Koroleva, Natalena in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine , accessed on April 6, 2019 (English)
personal data
SURNAME Korolewa, Natalena
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Korolewa, Natalena Andrianiwna (full name); Королева, Наталена Андріанівна (Ukrainian); Королёва, Наталена Андриановна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian writer, stage actress, opera singer and art critic
DATE OF BIRTH March 3, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Castrillo del Val , Castile and León , Spain
DATE OF DEATH July 1, 1966
Place of death Mělník , Czechoslovakia