Naueti
The Naueti are a group of people or ethnic group in the southeast of the Southeast Asian state of East Timor . Translated, “Nau eti” means “now” or “at this point in time” in German. The word was taken up arbitrarily by the Makasae to denote their neighbors and is also used for their language .
Overview
The Naueti make up the majority of the population in the administrative offices of Uato-Lari and Uatucarbau ( municipality of Viqueque ) and in the southwest of the administrative office of Baguia (municipality of Baucau ). Other Naueti live in the east of the administrative office of Viqueque in the vicinity of Beaco (Beasu). In the 2015 census, 16,507 East Timorese reported using Naueti as their mother tongue. 13,898 of them lived in the municipality of Viqueque, 1,489 in Baucau and 1,019 in Dili. The remaining 101 were distributed among the other municipalities in the country. The language is combined with others to form the Malayo-Polynesian Kawaimina languages, with the settlement areas of the Naueti being separated from those of the other language groups further west by the Makasae, who also have an influence on the language and culture of the Naueti.
The ethnic group does not form a homogeneous group. Linguistic and cultural differences can be seen between the Naueti in Uato-Lari and those in Uatucarbau and Baguia. People feel that they belong more to their sucos or clans, also because other ethnic groups live in the region. Alliances, which are also reinforced with marriages, connect the clans of the various ethnic groups in the sucos, for example in Babulo . Nevertheless, clashes between Naueti and Makasae occur time and again in Uato-Lari, as the ethnic groups were often on different politically competing sides.
The cultivation of rice (wet and dry rice), corn and vegetables and the keeping of goats, pigs, chickens, water buffalo and horses are traditional.
Before the resettlements during the Indonesian occupation (1975-1999), settlements were formed by families of brothers. The traditional settlements are called baha , which is also the word for "mountain". Women who get married move to their husbands village and bring a bride price with them. Most of the inheritance from the deceased goes to their male relatives. The Indonesians relocated the population to the main roads and to Uato-Lari Leten for better control. Since independence, there has been a trend, especially among the older part of the population, to repopulate the old villages, while the young people stay in the Indonesian settlements because they usually have better access to education and health care. Many also live in temporary accommodation near the plantations, during the planting and harvesting season. The different families form clans that can be found in the administrative Aldeia . The relationship between the families in the clan is determined by the description “older” (kaka) and “younger” (wari) . The "older" houses are more closely related to the ancestor and therefore have a higher rank than the "younger" ones.
The center of the village is the holy house (Uma Luli) . Sacred objects are kept in it, legacies of the ancestors, which are supposed to document the claim to rule over the land. These include, for example, swords, fragments of holy jugs or Portuguese flags , which were once presented to the village chiefs by the colonial power. The Indonesians burned most of the Uma Luli, while others fell into disrepair because the residents of the village were forcibly relocated. With her return to the "land of the ancestors" the holy houses were rebuilt. Most of the sacred objects survived buried.
Nowadays, most of the Naueti profess the Roman Catholic faith, but the animistic traditions live on in everyday life. Ancestors are sacrificed, rain is conjured up and the rite “ calling the crocodile ” is practiced. The ancestors secure the rich harvest and protect against disaster. Disregard brings bad luck, illness, or death. In the event of illness or preparations for weddings, a Malu rae should be consulted, an expert on the rituals who can also make prophecies and discover the causes of suffering.
Traditionally, the leading positions in society are held by men. The offices are assigned to specific families and the status determined by the origin decides on the office holder. The highest position is held by the man who is most closely related to the ancestor of the clan in a male lineage. However, women can also become Lian Nain among the Naueti in the east of the municipality of Viqueque . You will then be given the title Nain Feto (roughly "Mistress").
Funeral ceremonies
Burial of the Liurai of Babulo (2012)
Burial of the guardian of the holy house of Aha B Uu in Babulo
Nahasaka burial site
Tomb in Nahasaka. Betel nuts are used as grave goods
Grave goods on All Saints Day
Prominent Naueti
- Taur Matan Ruak , Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces , President
- Ilda Maria da Conceição , Deputy Minister of Education and Deputy Minister for State Administration
- Júlio Tomás Pinto , State Secretary for Defense
- Francisco da Costa Guterres , Secretary of State for Security
- Francisco da Costa Soares , State Secretary for Institutional Development
See also
literature
- Susana Barnes: Customary renewal and the pursuit of power and prosperity in post-occupation East Timor: a case-study from Babulo, Uato Lari, Monash University, 2017.
Web links
supporting documents
- Susana Barnes: Origins, Precedence and Social Order in the Domain of Ina Ama Beli Darlari , In: Land and life in Timor-Leste, pp. 23-46.
- David Hicks: The Naueti relationship terminology: A new instance of asymmetric prescription from East Timor , Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, Volume 163, Issue 2-3, pp. 239-262, 2007, doi: 10.1163 / 22134379 -90003685 .
Individual evidence
- ^ G. Saunders: Comparative vocabulary of the Naueti dialect . In: Studies in Languages and Cultures of East Timor (2003).
- ↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Population Distribution by Administrative Areas Volume 2 English ( Memento of the original from January 5, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Census 2010; PDF file; 21.53 MB)
- ↑ Hicks, p. 245.
- ↑ Statistical Office of East Timor, results of the 2010 census of the individual sucos ( Memento of January 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b The Languages of East Timor: Some Basic Facts ( Memento from January 19, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Direcção-Geral de Estatística : Results of the 2015 census , accessed on November 23, 2016.
- ↑ Veloso, Alexandre: A grammar sketch of Naueti, a language of East Timor , Leiden University (2016).
- ^ A b c Susana Barnes: Origins, Precedence and Social Order in the Domain of Ina Ama Beli Darlari . In: Land and life in Timor-Leste. Pp. 23-46.
- ↑ Fundaisaun Mahein: The Everlasting Trouble in Uatulari , April 24, 2012
- ↑ a b c Hicks, p. 246
- ↑ a b Hicks, p. 247
- ↑ “The Timorese are the ones who will choose whether or not they want to use Traditional Justice” from SCIT Info: UNMIT / Serious Crimes Investigation Team (SCIT) newsletter • issue 5 • December 2009 ( Memento of the original from November 24, 2011 in Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 321 kB)
- ↑ Tempo Semanal: Political Earthquake: Major General Taur Matan Ruak to Run for President , July 14, 2011 .
