Neckera
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Neckera , also sometimes called Neckermoose in German, is a genus of the deciduous moss (Bryopsida). It contains some Central European species that are quite conspicuous due to their flattened foliage and their size. It was named after the botanist Noël Martin Joseph de Necker .
description
The plants of the genus form delicate to strong, always shiny lawns. The shoot tips are ascending or, if the plant grows on vertical substrates, they point forward away from the substrate. Many of the species are single or double pinnate. Some of the species form flagella .
The leaves, which are rotated so that the leaf surface is always on one level (flattened foliage), are transversely wavy in many species. They are tongue or spatula-shaped and often a little asymmetrical. A vein is missing, short and double, or simple.
The cells of the leaf blade are prosenchymatic in the lower part of the leaf (elongated, getting shorter and shorter towards the leaf tip and rhombic at the end).
The capsule can be raised or lowered over the leaves. In contrast to other genera of the family, the double peristome is only striated at the bottom.
Distribution and location requirements
The species of the genus grow on bark or on rocks or walls, with many but not all species prefering calcareous substrates.
They occur in all temperate and warm areas of the world, except in South America .
European species
The genus contains about a hundred, maybe a few hundred species. Of these, the following occur in Europe:
- Neckera complanata (Hedw.) Hüb., A species common in Central Europe that grows on rocks or on bark and is striking because of its strong sheen.
- Neckera crispa Hedw., Also a species common in Central Europe, which is very noticeable due to its size and the strongly wavy leaves.
- Neckera intermedia Brid. occurs only in the Canary Islands , Madeira and in a few places in Spain .
- Neckera pennata Hedw., An epiphytic species that is almost extinct in Europe.
- Neckera pumila Hedw., A more delicate, dioecious species.
The separation of some species into their own genera is controversial. In Europe this applies, for example
- Metaneckera menziesii (Hook.) Steere (= Neckera menziesii Hook.)
Sources and further information
literature
- Jan-Peter Frahm , Wolfgang Frey : Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). Ulmer, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-8001-2463-7 .
- Wolfgang Frey, Jan-Peter Frahm, Eberhard Fischer, Wolfram Lobin : The moss and fern plants of Europe (= small cryptogam flora. Vol. 4). Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart et al. 1995, ISBN 3-437-30756-8 .
