Neoplasticism
Neoplasticism (from French neoplasticisme ) also called New Design , describes a style of painting defined by Piet Mondrian in his art theoretical essay Le Néo-Plasticisme 1920 .
description
Mondrian called for a strict reduction of the visual language to horizontal and vertical lines, the basic colors red , yellow and blue , as well as the non-colors black as a grid pattern and white as the background. Influenced by the emotional suprematism of the Russian Kasimir Malewitsch , Mondrian derived his significant design principle for himself originally coming from Impressionism via Cubism and finally achieved a rational, painterly-harmonious division of the canvas through a continuous grid of the motif . Mondrian modified the principle in his later work, but largely avoided secondary colors in his work.
Stylistic parallels can be found in the Bauhaus and among the artists of the artist group De Stijl , which Mondrian co-founded , as well as in elementarism as a dynamic reaction of De Stijl co-founder Theo van Doesburg and in the French artist group Abstraction-Création . Neoplasticism was trend-setting in its rationality for the development of conceptual art , minimalism and for the painters of post-painting abstraction in the USA .
In a broader sense, neo-plasticism describes all forms of design that are based on a reducing, geometrically harmonious principle, such as in architecture ( new building ) or in typography (cf. the Futura font by Paul Renner ).
List of artists of neo-plasticism (selection)
- Burgoyne Diller (1906–1965), painter
- Theo van Doesburg (1883–1931), painter, designer and writer
- Cornelis van Eesteren (1897–1988), architect
- Jean Gorin (1899–1981), painter
- Robert van 't Hoff (1887–1979), architect
- Vilmos Huszár (1884–1960), painter
- Anthony Kok (1882–1969), poet
- Bart van der Leck (1876–1958), painter
- Piet Mondrian (1872–1944), painter and art theorist
- Marlow Moss (1889–1958), painter and sculptor
- JJP Oud (1890–1963), architect
- Gerrit Rietveld (1888–1964), architect and designer
- Georges Vantongerloo (1886–1965), sculptor
- Friedrich Vordemberge-Gildewart , painter
- Charmion von Wiegand (1896–1983) painter and art critic
- Jan Wils (1891–1972), architect
literature
- Piet Mondrian: New design, neo-plasticism, Nieuwe Beelding. Gebr. Mann, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-7861-1472-2 .
- Britta Grigull: Piet Mondrian. Cubist work in a new light. Ludwig, Kiel 2005, ISBN 3-937719-11-3 .
swell
- The great art lexicon by PW Hartmann
- Karin Thomas: Until today. Style history of the fine arts in the 20th century. DuMont, Cologne 1988, pp. 143 ff., ISBN 3-7701-1939-8 .
Web links
- Piet Mondrian : General principles of neo-plasticism in an essay from 1926