Nevil Sidgwick
Nevil Vincent Sidgwick (born May 8, 1873 in Oxford , † March 15, 1952 ) was a British chemist.
Sidgwick's ancestors were farmers in Yorkshire. His great-grandfather had a cotton mill in Skipton and his grandfather, William Sidgwick, became a Wrangler in Cambridge and was Headmaster of the Skipton School until his death in 1841. His father Henry Sidgwick was professor of moral philosophy at Cambridge and his brother Arthur Sidgwick was a reader of Greek at Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Aunt Mary Sidgwick married Edward White Benson , later Archbishop of Canterbury.
Sidgwick studied in Oxford (with Augustus George Vernon Harcourt ), from 1898 in Leipzig and then in Tübingen, where he received his doctorate in 1901 as an academic student of Hans von Pechmann (on acetone dipropionic acid and its derivatives) . He then taught at Oxford, where he was a fellow at Lincoln College , from 1935 on with a full professorship. In 1948 he retired.
He dealt with theoretical chemistry, especially in organic chemistry, structure elucidation ( tautomerism , isomerism ) and theory of (covalent) bonds (meaning of coordinative bond , hydrogen bond ). In 1927 he introduced the term inert pair ( effect of the inert electron pair ). He became known through his book The electron theory of valency from 1927, in which, based on the findings of Charles Bury, he presented the structure of the periodic table from atomic theory through electron configurations. In his Bakerian Lecture he combined molecular geometry with the number of valence electron pairs, later expanded as a VSEPR model ( Ronald Gillespie , Ronald Nyholm 1957).
He was a Fellow of the Royal Society (1922) and received the Royal Medal in 1937 . In 1938 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences .
Fonts
- Organic Chemistry of Nitrogen. 1910, 3rd edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1966
- The Electronic Theory of Valency. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1927, Archives
- Some physical properties of the covalent link in chemistry. Cornell University Press 1933
- Tables of Dipole Moments. London, Publ. Faraday Society 1934 (with GC Hampson and RJB Marsden)
- The Chemical Elements and their Compounds. 2 volumes, Oxford: Clarendon Press 1950
literature
- Winfried Pötsch, Annelore Fischer, Wolfgang Müller: Lexicon of important chemists . Frankfurt am Main 1988, ISBN 3-8171-1055-3
- Henry Thomas Tizard: Nevil Vincent Sidgwick, 1873–1952, Obituary Notices Royal Society, 1954
Individual evidence
- ↑ biographical data, publications and Academic pedigree of Nevil Vincent Sidwick at academictree.org, accessed on January 1, 2018th
- ^ Members of the American Academy. Listed by election year, 1900-1949 ( PDF ). Retrieved September 27, 2015
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sidgwick, Nevil |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sidgwick, Nevil Vincent (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | British chemist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 8, 1873 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Oxford |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 15, 1952 |
| Place of death | Oxford |