New York (ship, 1927)
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The New York of the Hamburg-American Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft (Hapag) was the fourth ship of the Albert Ballin class for the North Atlantic service. Like its sisters at Blohm & Voss , it got going in 1927. In the 1930s she was considered the flagship of the Hamburg shipping company. On April 3, 1945, the New York was sunk in one of the air raids on Kiel . It was lifted when the port was cleared, but was scrapped from 1949.
Building history
After the Albert Ballin , the Deutschland and the Hamburg , which came into service in 1923, 1924 and 1926 , the New York was launched in 1926 at Blohm & Voss in Hamburg , the shipyard of all ships, as the last ship of the series . On March 12, 1927, it was delivered to Hapag.
It differed little from the Hamburg previously delivered ; only the passenger facilities were adapted to the lesser importance of emigrant traffic. Like her sister ships, she was equipped with more powerful steam turbines between November 1929 and April 16, 1930, which increased the service speed to 19 knots. Between March 24th and May 30th, 1934, it was also lengthened by about 12 meters by advancing the fore ship, which enabled an even higher speed. With the new hull shape, the New York could run a top speed of 21.5 knots. However, this was not done and the conversion was used to achieve the new plan speed since 1930 with significantly lower engine power and to reduce fuel consumption. During the renovations, the external appearance was also uniformly changed and the passenger facilities improved.
In the service of Hapag
On April 1, 1927, the New York went on her maiden voyage from Hamburg - Southampton - Cherbourg - New York. On January 31, 1928, she was the first Ballin class ship to take a cruise from New York via Madeira to the Mediterranean Sea and all the way to Istanbul , ending in Hamburg on April 1.
On December 18 and 19, 1934, the New York assisted in the distress of the small Norwegian steamer Sisto (1,120 GRT) on approx. 50N 22W, which had become unable to maneuver in a hurricane on the way from Canada to Europe. The sixteen-member crew of the Sisto was rescued from a New York lifeboat under the command of Second Officer Wiesen after the British tanker Mobiloil had drained oil to calm the sea and two other ships, the Aurania and the express steamer Europa , with their searchlights Scene lit. The New York took the rescued crew to Southampton . The captain and leader of the rescue operation was the Hapag commodore , Friedrich Ferdinand Heinrich Kruse (1874–1945), who as the captain of the cruise ship Resolute was an internationally known personality on her world trips. After the sale of the Resolute , its sister ship Reliance under Commodore Kruse took over the annual Hapag world tour in the spring of 1936 and New York took over the West India cruises from New York, which have been common since 1927.
In late August 1939, the New York was shortly before New York. It added fuel there and then ran out again to reach Germany before the start of World War II . It arrived in neutral Murmansk on September 8, two days after Bremen . On November 10, 1939, the New York reached Kiel-Holtenau after a journey along the Norwegian coast .
Use in World War II
From May to August 1940 on a barge of the Navy in Gdynia lying New York seafaring personnel, including 225 recruits of the 11th ship home department of Stralsund , in the service as alternate end battleship Bismarck collected. On August 11, 1940, reached New York with such personnel through the Kiel Canal to the Port of Hamburg , where the battleship was then put into service on 24 August.
In December 1941, New York, stationed in Kiel-Wik as a houseboat of the Kriegsmarine , was re-privatized by Hapag (since 1935 under state control) to the newly formed German North Atlantic Line (Norda) together with its three sister ships and the St. Louis and the The unfinished new building was transferred to the fatherland , as passenger traffic across the North Atlantic was seen as a state task for the future.
After more than 80 air raids on Kiel , the New York was sunk on April 3, 1945 in a second heavy attack by the 8th US Air Fleet , in which over 700 machines were involved, on Kiel in the Kiel Fjord off Bellevue ( Düsternbrook ). The attack was aimed at the Kiel submarine shipyards. In addition to the New York , the Monte Olivia , the tanker Mexphalte (3089 BRT, 1928) as well as the mine ship Brummer , the mine transporter Irben , the mine sweeper M 802 , the clearing boats R 59 , R 119 , R 261 and the submarines U 1221 were also sold , U 2542 , U 3505 sunk. New York , which capsized and protruded from the water , was lifted after the war, towed through the Kiel Canal to England in 1949 and auctioned off for scrapping there .
literature
- Arnold Kludas : The History of German Passenger Shipping. Volume IV Destruction and Rebirth 1914 to 1930. Writings of the German Maritime Museum, Volume 21
- Arnold Kludas: The History of German Passenger Shipping. Bd.V An era comes to an end from 1930 to 1990. Writings of the German Maritime Museum, Volume 22
- Claus Rothe: German ocean passenger ships 1896 to 1918 . Steiger, Moers 1986, ISBN 3-921564-80-8 .
- Doris Tillmann, Johannes Rosenplänter (Ed.): Kiel-Lexikon. Wachholtz, Neumünster 2011, ISBN 978-3-529-02556-3 , Lemma Wrackbergung.
Web links
- List of Third Class Passengers on board the SS New York, sailing on 16 January 1929 from Hamburg to New York
- In the third grade to North America, 1938 brochure - Hamburg-America Line
- Raising the Sunken New York
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rothe, p. 81f.
- ↑ Rothe, p. 85.
- ↑ Rothe, p. 108.
- ^ Kludas, Vol. III, p. 102.
- ↑ a b c d Rothe, p. 109.
- ↑ Kludas, Vol. IV, p. 61.
- ↑ Kludas, Vol. V, p. 18.
- ↑ Kludas, Vol. IV, p. 71.
- ↑ Kludas, Vol. IV, pp. 229f.
- ↑ Information on the Sisto . ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Mercury (Hobart, Tas .: December 21, 1934.)
- ↑ Kludas, Vol. V, p. 37ff.
- ↑ Kludas, vol. V, p. 112.
- ↑ 6-18 September 1939 North Sea.
- ↑ 11/10/1939 North Sea.
- ↑ Gaack / Carr: Battleship Bismarck , pp. 11, 26.
- ^ Kludas, vol. V, p. 150.
- ^ Doris Tillmann, Johannes Rosenplänter (ed.): Kiel-Lexikon. Wachholtz, Neumünster 2011, ISBN 978-3-529-02556-3 , Lemmata Wrackbergung u. Bellevue.
- ^ Kludas, vol. V, p. 155.
- ↑ 3/4/4/1945 Air War Germany
