Abitur for non-school students

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A high school for non-students (also: Extracurricular High School , external examination , strangers examination , not students graduate or non-students Baccalaureate ) is without having attended a Gymnasiale school in high schools (schools for youth) or evening schools or colleges (schools for adults) held Abitur exam, which is a university entrance qualification . Anders (z. B. than with higher access permissions by professional qualification master checks, formerly also accounts of certain higher Fachschulen) u. which - apart from a few exceptions - regularly only entitle the student to study individual subjects, the non-student examination grants general access authorization for all university disciplines.

regulation

The Abitur for non- school students is based on the agreement on the Abitur examination for non-school students according to the structure of the upper secondary level in the upper secondary level of the Conference of Ministers of Education of September 13, 1974, whereby the individual state regulations only differ in details.

The operation to be completed testing in most states Baccalaureate for non-students also, in some states External Baccalaureate called only in Baden-Wuerttemberg and Saxony testing officially called school strangers Baccalaureate .

In particular, pupils from Waldorf schools , whose upper secondary school level is not recognized in the respective federal states, make use of the possibility of the Abitur for non- pupils , but in principle this path is open to everyone. Unlike with the Begabtenprüfung neither a special talent nor a supporting letter is required.

requirements

The Abitur for non-school students generally requires that the applicant did not attend an upper school level, evening grammar school or college in the previous school year and that he did not already fail the Abitur examination twice.

Furthermore, the applicant must have adequately prepared for the examination. In principle, this is completely autodidactic, but in some large cities there are private preparation facilities and isolated distance learning courses that are intended to prepare for the exam. The contents of the examinations hardly differ from those of the Abitur examination in and after the end of the upper secondary school.

Admission to the non-pupil Abitur examination must be applied for from the competent authority in the respective country, which is usually determined by the Ministry of Culture . The authority determines the time and place of the examination depending on the state law. The examination is chargeable in the vast majority of countries, although exceptions are often provided for people in need such as recipients of benefits under SGB II or SGB XII. The exam is free of charge. a. in the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saxony-Anhalt.

Most federal states do not publish official figures on how many applicants register for the non-student exam and how many of them pass the exam. In general, the number - depending on the federal state - is between 50 and 200 people per school year, the graduation rate is around 60%.

exam

The examination basically takes place in eight subjects, with four subjects being examined in writing and four subjects being examined orally.

According to the agreement of the Conference of Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs, applicants can choose from the following subjects, whereby the individual federal states can limit or expand the offer according to local conditions:

  • Field of activity I (linguistic-literary-artistic): German, English, French, Russian, Spanish, Latin, Greek, visual arts, music
  • Task area II (social science): history, geography, social studies / politics, economics
  • Task III (mathematical-scientific-technical): Mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology

How well are in regular Baccalaureate advanced courses to choose according to the circumstances of provincial law, which are examined in depth. In the federal states that provide two advanced courses, German, mathematics or a foreign language must be taken as an advanced course; in the federal states that provide three advanced courses, the first two advanced courses must be German, mathematics, a foreign language or a natural science.

The examination subjects must include German, mathematics, a social science subject, a natural science and two foreign languages. Each federal state decides individually which subjects must be examined in writing and which orally.

The federal states can stipulate that an oral examination can also be taken in the written examination subjects, which is included in the overall grade. That is u. a. the case in Rhineland-Palatinate.

If the exam is passed, the applicant receives a high school diploma. If the exam is not passed, it can be repeated once after one year at the earliest. In all federal states except Bavaria and Saxony, the school-based part of the technical college entrance qualification can also be completed with the non-pupil examination, provided that the Abitur examination is not passed. The advanced technical college entrance qualification acquired in this way is recognized in all federal states except Bavaria and Saxony.

State law peculiarities

Baden-Württemberg

In 2008, 33 external students from Baden-Württemberg took this test at the Faust Gymnasium in Staufen .

In Freiburg im Breisgau , there has been a course initiative since 2007 by ten Waldorf students who unsatisfied withdrew from their grammar schools in order to prepare for the external high school diploma together. In June 2008 two had jumped, eight passed. The initiative still exists today (as of 2011). In 2010 five out of six students passed their exams, and in 2011 two out of three students. For the 2011/2012 class, thirteen students from different schools have now come together, eleven of which are expected to take their Abitur exams in spring 2012.

Bavaria

In Bavaria, the non-student Abitur examination is referred to as the “Abitur examination for other applicants” and is described in the school regulations for high schools in Bavaria (Gymnasiumschulordnung - GSO). One person is examined in four subjects in writing (in mathematics, German, a foreign language and a social science subject) and four subjects orally. For the fourth written examination (social science subject) one can take a half-year from the eleventh school year from the examination, the oral examinations are held as a colloquium, with these the eleventh school year is not relevant to the examination.

Berlin

The Senate Department for Education, Youth and Family offers external Abitur exams every year. The exams take place every year in the first half of the year. There are four oral exams and four written exams. There is also the option of taking a re-examination in two of the written subjects.

Preparatory colleges are designed for the second educational path ; state funding for students through the Federal Training Assistance Act (BAföG) is possible during their visit. Various providers offer both BAföG courses and "high school courses" that are not funded.

Subject combination

At least one natural science and one foreign language must be chosen as a written subject. Two of the four subjects must be chosen as advanced courses. The oral subjects are examined at the basic course level.

Examples:

  • Written: German (LK), English (LK), Mathematics (GK), Political Science (GK)
  • Oral: art, biology, history, second foreign language

German and art, history and political science as well as the two foreign languages ​​can be exchanged at one's own discretion. Since the school year 2012/2013, mathematics has to be chosen as a written examination subject.

Rating System

Each number of points achieved is multiplied by a given factor. In the oral part of the examination, the points achieved are multiplied by four. In order to be able to take the second part of the examination, you need at least 80 points in fourfold, a maximum of 240 points can be achieved. In the second part a total of 660 points are to be achieved, whereby the basic courses are multiplied by nine and the advanced courses by thirteen. To pass the Abitur examination, 300 points must be achieved from both parts of the examination (corresponds to grade 4.0). A maximum of 900 points can be achieved.

If a subject is completed with 0 (zero) points, the entire examination is simply not passed .

Brandenburg

In Brandenburg, the Abitur for non- school students is regulated in the ordinance on examinations for the subsequent acquisition of qualifications from lower secondary level and the general university entrance qualification for non-school students in the state of Brandenburg (Non-School Student Examination Ordinance - NschPV) .

Bremen

Non-school pupils and pupils from non-recognized substitute schools can acquire the general university entrance qualification in Bremen by taking an external examination. The Senator for Education and Science commissions public schools leading to the general higher education entrance qualification or departments of schools in the state of Bremen to take the examination. In Bremerhaven this is done in agreement with the municipal authorities. Appropriate evidence of regular school attendance in an educational program that prepares for the general higher education entrance qualification must be provided, which should explicitly give Waldorf students the opportunity to take an Abitur examination. More details can be found in the regulation on the Abitur examination for pupils of non-recognized substitute schools and for non-pupils in the state of Bremen in the version dated June 26, 2009.

Hesse

In Hesse , non-school students are to be given the opportunity to take appropriate examinations ( external examinations ) in order to acquire school-leaving qualifications in accordance with Section 79 (3) of the Hessian School Act . Such a degree is z. B. for the general higher education entrance qualification the non-student Abitur examination. If the exam is passed, a certificate corresponding to the final certificate must be issued.

The examination comprises eight examination subjects

  • in the linguistic-literary-artistic field of activity these can be: German, English, French, Latin, Italian, Russian, Spanish, ancient Greek, music or art;
  • In the social science field, these can be: politics and economics, history, geography, economics or religion / ethics;
  • In the mathematical-scientific-technical field of tasks these can be: mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology or computer science.

The exam is divided into two parts, each of which comprises four subjects. In the four subjects of the first part of the exam, written tests are uniform across the country. The processing time is five hours in the major subjects and four hours in the other two subjects. At the request of the exam participant, oral examinations can also be taken in a maximum of two subjects in the first part of the examination. The four subjects of the second part of the examination that are not part of the first part of the examination are examined orally. The examination results also give the Abitur grade.

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

The subject of the examination are four written examinations and another four oral subjects.

The written subjects are:

  1. German
  2. mathematics
  3. History and Political Education
  4. A foreign language or a science

Under points 1–4, two subjects are examined at the advanced course level and the remaining two at the basic course level. Here you can freely choose which subjects should be examined at which level.

The oral examination subjects are to be chosen in such a way that at least one natural science and two foreign languages ​​are examined in the entire examinations, including the written examination subjects. The oral exams can be chosen from the following subject areas: foreign languages, music, art and design, geography, philosophy, economics, natural sciences, computer science and religion. Only those who have passed the written exams can take part in the oral exams.

The results are assessed as in the upper level of the gymnasium and converted using a point system. A maximum of 840 points can be achieved (1.0). A minimum of 280 points (4.0) must be achieved for the exams to be considered passed.

North Rhine-Westphalia

In North Rhine-Westphalia , non-pupils are tested in eight subjects - four in writing and four orally. The examination results in it result in the Abitur grades.

For the Abitur examination for non-school students, regional children can - depending on their place of residence - register with the responsible district government .

Rhineland-Palatinate

The legal basis is the Abitur examination regulations for non-school students from May 26, 2011.

In Rhineland-Palatinate, Italian (task field I), computer science (task field III) as well as religion ev., Religion cath. and ethics (outside the scope of duties). In addition to the general education subjects, the job-related subjects business administration, economics (task field II) or technology (task field III) are offered, which can only be taken as advanced courses. (§ 5 of the regulation)

The Latinum or Graecum can be acquired at the same time as the written examination in Latin or Greek . (§ 15 of the regulation)

Saarland

Anyone who would like to acquire the general university entrance qualification in Saarland without being a student at a public school leading to the general university entrance qualification or a state-recognized private substitute school can take the Abitur examination as an external person. The candidate will only be admitted if they have reached the age of 18 and after providing evidence of adequate examination preparation. The examinee must not have tried twice to obtain the general higher education entrance qualification.

Saxony

The qualifications of the general education schools in Saxony can also be obtained after independent preparation through an external school examination (also called external or non-pupil examination), as well as the general university entrance qualification. Adult education institutions (adult education centers or private educational institutions) offer courses that prepare for the exam. The exam consists of a written and an oral part and takes place once a year. The application for admission must be submitted to the responsible regional office of the Saxon Education Agency.

Saxony-Anhalt

Admission to this form of the Abitur examination must be applied for at the latest on February 1 of each year at the Saxony-Anhalt State Administration Office in Halle , Dessau-Roßlau or Magdeburg . It takes place within the time frame of the Abitur examination at public high schools.

Schleswig-Holstein

In Schleswig-Holstein, the so-called externals can apply for an Abitur examination at the school supervisory authority after attending preparatory courses that are carried out by state-recognized training providers. External examinations for the Abitur are carried out once a year in Schleswig-Holstein at the Lübeck evening high school.

Situation in other countries

Austria

The possibility of obtaining the Matura on the second educational path is given in Austria by the so-called external qualification examination.

The prerequisite for admission to the examination is the successful completion of the 8th grade as well as an application to the respective state school board.

Switzerland

In Switzerland , people over the age of 18 can subsequently take the Swiss Matura examination, which entitles them to transfer to a cantonal or federal university without an examination.

See also

literature

Web links

Footnotes and individual references

  1. ↑ Article 11 c) i) of Directive 2005/36 / EC of the European Parliament and the Council of September 7, 2005 on the recognition of professional qualifications . In: Official Journal of the European Union L 255/22 of September 30, 2005.
  2. ↑ Arnfrid Schenk: Without school to Abi . In: Die Zeit , No. 38/2007. Tanjev Schultz: hardworking rebels . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung from 28./29. June 2008, p. 12.
  3. ↑ Website des Methodos e. V.
  4. ↑ Sections 90–94 of the school regulations for high schools in Bavaria (Gymnasiumschulordnung - GSO) of January 23, 2007, GVBl 2007, p. 68, URL: gesetze-bayern.de
  5. ↑ Berlin.de: Instructions and application forms for the non-pupil examination. Retrieved May 17, 2019 .
  6. ↑ gesetze.berlin.de
  7. ↑ Brandenburg non-pupil examination regulation
  8. ↑ Degrees & Exams: Non- student exams . The Senator for Education and Science Bremen; Retrieved April 12, 2015.
  9. ↑ Sections 42 to 47 of the Upper School and Abitur Ordinance (OAVO) of July 20, 2009 Official Gazette of the Hessian Ministry of Culture (OJ) 2009, 408
  10. ↑ Section 79, Paragraph 3 of the Hessian School Act (School Act - HSchG) in the version dated June 30, 2014, 2017, No. 13, pp. 150–225
  11. ↑ mv.juris.de for more detailed information
  12. ↑ Abitur examination regulations for non-school students from May 26, 2011. Status of the regulation: May 3, 2015, Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection of the State of Rhineland-Palatinate; Retrieved May 3, 2015.
  13. ↑ Ordinance - School and Examination Regulations - on the upper secondary school level and the Abitur examination in Saarland from July 2, 2007. (PDF; 182 kB) Bildungsserver des Saarlandes, saarland.de; accessed on May 1, 2015.
  14. ↑ Second education. bildungsmarkt-sachsen.de - the official education portal of the Free State of Saxony; Retrieved May 3, 2015.
  15. ↑ Ordinance on the Abitur examination for non-school students (NSchAP-VO, GVBl. LSA p. 160)
  16. ↑ Central degrees for non-school students. Education Schleswig-Holstein; accessed on May 2, 2015.
  17. ↑ RIS - School Education Act - Consolidated Federal Law, version from 04.06.2020. Retrieved June 4, 2020 .
  18. ↑ State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation SERI: Swiss Matura Examination. Retrieved June 4, 2020 .