Nimis iniqua
Nimis iniqua is a papal bull dated August 21, 1231 , it was given by Pope Gregory IX. (1227-1241) promulgated . With this apostolic letter he placed the Franciscan Order directly under the jurisdiction of the Holy See .
history
Pope Gregory IX promoted and protected the monastic orders of the Franciscans and Dominicans in the years 1231–1232 . With the death of St. Francis of Assisi in 1226 a dispute arose over the interpretation of his will . The Founder left his poverty usually a broad range of different opinions by the poverty of movement of the mendicant orders for poverty dispute led. From 1230, the Franciscans and Dominicans began to develop rapidly in Europe . The Franciscans relocated their places of activity to the flourishing cities and built up order-oriented pastoral care , which also included academic teaching at the universities and schools in the cities. This development also had an effect within the religious community, the Franciscans and Dominicans slowly developed into "ordines studentes".
The poverty ideal as legal fiction
With the bull " Quo elongati " of September 28, 1230 Pope Gregory IX. "simple use" does not sanction the "possession" of goods as legal and in the sense of the Franciscan Testament . This poverty regulation and the constant change into an "educational order" found papal goodwill, but at the same time called on the resistance of the clergy and the bishops . In the face of the "many enemies", the Pope took a protective position in front of the order.
A year later, on August 21, 1231, with the bull “Nimis iniqua” he placed the Franciscan order directly under the Holy See. Excepted from this jurisdiction were the founding of new convents and the public preaching service , these remained in the jurisdiction of the bishops. This bull led in 1239 to the fact that the general chapter included an official declaration of rules with the regulation of responsibilities in their order rules.
Ordinem vestrum
Pope Innocent IV (1243–1254) took up the disputed rule points again in his bull “Ordinem vestrum” of November 14, 1245. He declared that all goods of the order are pro forma in the possession of the Apostolic See, the religious community may take over the administration of donated goods independently and stipulated the complete exemption of the churches and monasteries .
Web links
- Monks, orders and monasteries, From the beginnings to the present , Ed. Georg Schwaiger , Verlag CH Beck , Munich , 2003, ISBN 3-406-49483-8
- Brief history of the Franciscan order by Fr. Oliver ofm (PDF; 107 kB)
- Mendicant Friars (English)