Ninozminda
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Ninozminda ნინოწმინდა |
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| State : |
 Georgia
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| Region : | Samtskhe Javakheti | ||
| Municipality : | Ninozminda | ||
| Coordinates : | 41 ° 16 ′ N , 43 ° 35 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 1,930 m. ü. M. | ||
| Residents : | 5,144 (2014) | ||
| Time zone : | Georgian Time (UTC + 4) | ||
| Community type: | city | ||
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Ninozminda ( Georgian ნინოწმინდა , Armenian Նինոծմինդա ; Russian Ниноцминда ) is a city in southern Georgia , in the Samtskhe-Javakheti region .
It is the administrative seat of the municipality of the same name Ninozminda and has 5144 inhabitants (2014).
location
Ninozminda is about 110 kilometers as the crow flies southwest of the state capital Tbilisi and 65 kilometers southeast of the regional capital Akhaltsikhe on the Akhalkalaki plateau , a plateau that extends southwest of the up to 3300 m high Samsara mountain range of the Lesser Caucasus . Through the city flows Agritschai , the west the two kilometers of the place located, partially drained lake Chantschali drained and five kilometers northeast into the right Kura creek Parawniszqali ( Paravani Lake empties). About 20 kilometers southwest of Ninozminda is the triangle between Georgia, Armenia and Turkey .
Due to the location at almost 2000 m altitude, the climate is harsh - the mean January temperature is -10.6 ° C, the mean July temperature only 13.1 ° C - and relatively humid with an average of 733 mm of precipitation per year.
history
The area of the present city was already settled in the middle of the 6th century; there are ruins of a large stone church from this period.
Later the area belonged to the Ottoman Empire . The place was known as Altınkale (also Altunkale ), Turkish for "Golden Castle". In the war of 1828/29 , the area was conquered by the Russian Empire , which in the 1840s allowed members of the Duchoborzen religious community to settle there . For this reason they founded a total of 18 villages in the area later called Duchoborje in Russian , including in 1842 Bogdanowka ( Russian Богдановка , from Russian “given by God”) in place of today's Ninozminda .
Some of these Duchoborzen emigrated to Canada in the 19th century , where they founded two villages called Bogdanovka near Langham and Pelly in Saskatchewan . Others stayed in Bogdanowka and the surrounding area; many of their descendants resided there until the 1990s, when virtually all of them moved to Russia after Georgia gained independence .
During the Soviet period, Bogdanowka became the administrative center of a raion of the same name in 1930 and received urban-type settlement status in the 1960s . In 1983 city rights were granted. 1991 took place after the "illuminator of Georgia", the holy Nino (Georgian Zminda Nino ) the renaming in Ninozminda .
- Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1959 | 1658 |
| 1970 | 2824 |
| 1979 | 3826 |
| 1989 | 7285 |
| 2002 | 6287 |
| 2014 | 5144 |
Note: census data
Economy and Infrastructure
In Ninozminda there are smaller companies in the food and light industry. The place is surrounded by an agricultural area.
The city is located on the Kars – Tbilisi railway , which will be a section of the Kars – Baku railway in the future .
The European route E 691 leads through Ninozminda, which branches off from the E 80 in Horasan, Turkey, crosses the border to Georgia south of Wale and continues to Armenia, where it reaches the E 117 via Gyumri near Ashtarak , making it the shortest road connection between Turkey and Turkey Represents Armenia, whose direct border is closed. In Ninozminda, a road that follows large sections of the railway branches off via Zalka to Tbilisi, the shortest connection to the state capital.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population Census 2014
- ↑ Hedvig Lohm: Dukhobors in Georgia: A Study of the Issue of Land Ownership and Inter-Ethnic Relations in Ninotsminda rayon (Samtskhe-Javakheti) (2006, English ( Memento of the original from June 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. / Russian ( Memento of the original from September 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. )
- ↑ Ninozminda ( Memento of the original from July 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the Doukhobor Genealogy Website (English)
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from April 1, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Archived copy ( Memento of the original from January 17, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the Doukhobor Genealogy Website (English)
- ↑ Article Ninozminda in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
