Nordschleuse
The north lock is a lock in Bremerhaven in the city of Bremen's overseas port area Bremerhaven . The sea lock connects the ports with the Weser .
history
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The guarantee contract between Bremen and Norddeutscher Lloyd from 1903 and the state contract for the exchange of territory between the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen and Prussia of 1905 provided for the construction of further port facilities and the construction of a lock. A new lock was supposed to be built in the north of the Bremerhaven imperial ports before the First World War . Due to the war, the building could not be completed at first. Since the planning from 1913 was too small for these ships and the location chosen at the time was very unfavorable due to the muddy subsoil, the delay in construction turned out to be a stroke of luck.
The construction of a large lock became urgent in order to be able to lock large ships such as the new passenger ships under construction of the North German Lloyd, Bremen and Europa , into the Kaiserdock II, which had been specially enlarged for this purpose. The Nordschleuse was built from 1928/29 to August 10, 1931 under the direction of the building council (later port construction director) at the port construction authority of Bremen Arnold Agatz . With a usable length of 375 meters, a passage width of 45 meters (chamber width 60 meters), a chamber floor depth of 11 meters under SKN and a fairway depth of 14.50 meters, the Nordschleuse is still one of the largest locks in the world. The largest building project in Bremen at the time cost 40 million marks. The entire lock area consists of the outer harbor at the outer main, the large turning basin and the bridge over the canal between the turning basin and the connecting port.
The swing bridge next to the lock, a combined rail and road bridge from 1931 over the connecting canal between the turning basin and the Kaiserhäfen, is known as the North Lock Bridge , but is better known locally as the swing bridge . It has been Germany's largest railway swing bridge since 1945. In the upcoming renovation, however, its function as a railway bridge and thus the railway connection to the entire Columbus Island is up for discussion.
Engine houses, signal box
The three engine houses and wheelhouses on the inland and outer head of the Nordschleuse as well as on the bridge were designed by the architect Karl Felge in the style of New Building from the interwar period following an architectural competition from 1928. The flat roofs have no overhang or cornice . Flat, almost graphically treated wall surfaces and corner windows characterize the facades made of dark red clinker bricks. The inland main lock gate house has recently been extended by a modern, roof-top control stand with all-round ribbon windows and metal cladding. The turning of the bridge takes place from the machine house of the inland head.
The nearby railway signal box for the route in the direction of Columbuskaje and Columbusbahnhof also serves to secure the bridge.
Viewing platform
From a viewing platform on containers stacked on top of each other , not only the operation of the nearby container terminal but also of the lock directly next to it can be observed. Special information boards show how long the swing bridge or the Kaiserschleuse are closed.
Monument protection
The railway signal box and the two machine houses of the lock are listed as a historical monument .
More north locks
In addition to the described north lock in Bremerhaven, there are a large number of other locks that are also named Nordschleuse (mostly to differentiate between several locks in one place in the south and north lock), such as the sea locks in Brunsbüttel , the north lock in Strasbourg , or the north Lock near Vienna .
literature
- Lars U. Scholl: Bremerhaven - a port history guide , DSM Ditzen, 1984, p. 149 ff.
- Arnold Agatz (Hg): The construction of the north lock facility in Bremerhaven in the years 1928-1931 . Berlin 1931.
- Harry Gabcke , Renate Gabcke, Herbert Körtge, Manfred Ernst: Bremerhaven in two centuries; Volumes I to III from 1827 to 1991 , Vol. I and II (p. 64 f.). Nordwestdeutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, Bremerhaven 1989/1991, ISBN 3-927857-00-9 , ISBN 3-927857-37-8 , ISBN 3-927857-22-X .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ PDF Masterplan Port Railway August 2011, p. 18 ( Memento from July 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on October 4, 2012
- ↑ Monument database of the LfD Bremen
- ^ Strasbourg Nordschleuse double gate
- ^ Vienna barrage in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
Coordinates: 53 ° 34 ′ 11.7 " N , 8 ° 32 ′ 59" E