Octomeles sumatrana
| Octomeles sumatrana | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Octomeles | ||||||||||||
| Miq. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Octomeles sumatrana | ||||||||||||
| Miq. |
Octomeles sumatrana is a tree in the family Tetramelaceae from Southeast Asia , it is the only species in the genus Octomeles . The distribution area is in Borneo , Sumatra , Sulawesi , on the Philippines and Moluccas as well as in New Guinea up to the Solomon Islands . The species was introduced in West Africa for logging.
description
Octomeles sumatrana grows as a very large, evergreen tree over 60 meters high. The trunk diameter reaches 2.5–4 meters. Buttress roots that are meter high and wide are formed. The relatively smooth bark is a little cracked or scaly, often rough and finely pustular and gray to gray-brown.
The simple, long-stemmed and bare, leathery leaves are arranged in a spiral. The ribbed petiole is 6–30 inches long. The leaves are relatively thin and ovate to rounded, with entire margins, often with a heart-shaped base. They are pointed or pointed and 15-30 centimeters tall. The veins are palm-shaped and impressed on the upper side, some glandular domatia can occur on the underside of the veins . The stipules are missing. The leaves on young plants are somewhat larger and sometimes roughly toothed.
Octomeles sumatrana is dioecious diocesan . Axillary and drooping, long ears with ribbed, somewhat scaly rachis are formed. The five- to eight-fold green flowers with a single or double inflorescence are unisexual and sessile, the petals in the female flowers are absent. The scaly calyx is cup-shaped, with short, triangular tips. The alternating, roughly triangular petals of the male flowers are short, with a priemlichen, curved appendage. In the male flowers a cup-shaped, scaly flower cup is formed and the relatively short stamens with thick stamens are attached to the calyx. The unicameral ovary of the female flowers is below, but free in a cylindrical, ribbed and scaly flower cup, the 5–8 short styluses with flattened, cephalic scars are fused with the calyx at the tips and only free at the top.
1.2 centimeters long, brownish, barrel or obovate and many-seeded, woody capsule fruits ( endocarp ) are formed, which split / open from the tip with several valves. The flower cup (exocarp) and the chalice are thrown off. The hundreds of seeds are spindle-shaped and about 0.8–1 millimeters long. The thousand grain mass is only 0.05 grams.
Taxonomy
The first description was in 1860 (publ. 1861) by Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel in Flora van Nederlandsch Indie, Eerste Bijvoegsel, Suppl. 1, 336. Octomeles moluccana Warb is a synonym .
use
A dye can be obtained from the bark . Young leaves can be eaten as a vegetable.
The relatively light and soft, light-colored, not very durable wood is known as Erima , Ilimo , Benuang or Binuang .
literature
- CGGJ van Steenis: Flora Malesiana. Ser. I, Vol. 4, 1953, p. 382 ff, online at biodiversitylibrary.org.
- The CABI Encyclopedia of Forest Trees. CABI, 2013, ISBN 978-1-78064-236-9 , pp. 301 f.
- James W. Byng: The Flowering Plants Handbook. Plant Gateway, 2014, ISBN 978-0-9929993-0-8 , p. 199.
- P. Baas, K. Ogata, H. Abe, T. Fujii: Identification of the Timbers of Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. Kaiseisha Press, 2008, ISBN 978-4-86099-244-6 , pp. 68 f.
Web links
- Octomeles sumatrana at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Octomeles sumatrana at PNGplants database.
- Octomeles sumatrana at PROTA.
- Octomeles sumatrana at Phytoimages (pictures).