Opole (Löbau)

Opole City of Löbau Coordinates: 51 ° 8 ′ 17 "  N , 14 ° 41 ′ 42"  E
Area :	1.9 km²
Residents :	203  (1964)
Population density :	107 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	April 1, 1974
Incorporated into:	Kittlitz
Postal code :	02708
Area code :	03585
Location of Opole in the area of ​​the city of Löbau

Opole ( Upper Sorbian Wopaleń ^{? / I} ) is a district of the Saxon town of Löbau in the district of Görlitz in Upper Lusatia . The place is five kilometers north of Löbauer city center near the Löbauer Wasser . Surrounding districts are Glossen in the north, Kleinradmeritz in the northeast, Bellwitz in the south and Kittlitz in the southwest.

history

The Opole manor in the 19th century

year	Residents
1777	8 gardeners, 16 cottagers
1834	163
1871	171
1890	164
1910	146
1925	150
1939	152
1946	202
1964	203

Opole was first mentioned in a document in 1261 as the manor of a Wernherus de Opal , but it is probably much older, as archaeological finds indicate a correspondingly earlier settlement. In 1298 the place is mentioned in connection with the pastor of the Kittlitz Church. A branch of the important trade route Via Regia Lusatiae Superioris led through Opole . In addition, there was a ford through the Löbauer water near the Opole watermill, which speaks for the importance of the small settlement for traffic.

Opole was the seat of two manors as early as the Middle Ages. The manor , which existed until 1945, emerged from the Oppelner in 1599 . This was initially owned by the von Oppeln family , and from 1493 by the von Nostitz family . In the 16th and 17th centuries, the manor belonged to the Oberlausitz noble family von Gersdorff .

A second fiefdom was the Kalkreuth district, which was incorporated into Opole as early as the 19th century. The manor house of the Opole manor, a simple three-storey building with an angular floor plan and mansard roof, has been preserved to this day. The building in its current form dates from the last third of the 18th century and is used as a residential building.

Arnošt Muka had a total of 154 inhabitants in 1884; 124 of them were Germans and 30 Sorbs (19%). They spoke the Löbauer dialect of Upper Sorbian. In 1956 Ernst Tschernik had just two Sorbian speakers in the Opole municipality. Sorbian is no longer spoken in Opole today.

Some older residential buildings have been preserved in the town center. The building Opole No. 10 served as the village inn "Stadt Görlitz" until 1945. After the manor was dissolved in the course of the land reform , the agricultural areas were cultivated by the LPG Löbau-Nord until 1990. In the 1970s, they built a complex of buildings in Opole for the processing and storage of vegetables and hops. Opole has been a district of Kittlitz since 1974 and has been part of the large district town of Löbau since 2003.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cornelius Gurlitt : Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony , Volume 19 (Amtshauptmannschaft Löbau), Dresden 1910, page 503 f.
2. ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954
3. ^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 253 .
4. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
5. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003

Web links

Commons : Oppeln (Löbau)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Manors and castles in the kingdom of Saxony: Opole  - sources and full texts

• Opole in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Kalkreuth district in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• Information about Opole on the website of the city of Löbau
• Photos and local information about Opole