Order of El Sol del Perú
The Order El Sol del Perú (German: Order of the Sun of Peru or Peruvian Sun Order ) is an award given by the Peruvian government to residents and foreigners for special merits and the like. a. in the field of art, literature, politics and other achievements for Peru.
history
For the first time, the order was founded under the name Orden El Sol on October 8, 1821 by decree of General José de San Martín to honor people who had excelled in the struggle for Peruvian independence . Since some bearers of the order tried to obtain further privileges through the award, the order was abolished on March 9, 1825.
In memory of the centenary of independence, the order was reintroduced as the Order El Sol del Perú by President Augusto B. Leguía by decree on April 14, 1921.
With the law of August 31, 1923 and “Reglamento” of September 9, 1923, which were subsequently amended several times, the legal basis for the order that is still valid today was created.
Gradations
José de San Martín introduced 3 levels of the Order:
- fundadores (German: founder)
- beneméritos (German: deserving)
- asociados (German: partner)
Today there are six degrees of the order:
- Grand Cross with Diamonds ( Collane )
- Grand Cross (Gran Cruz)
- Grand Officer (Gran Oficial)
- Commander (Comendador)
- Officer (oficial)
- Knight (Caballero)
Medal bearer (selection)
- Jerzy Linka, former Polish Chargé d'affaires in Peru
- Willy Brandt , German politician and Federal Chancellor
- Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev , party leader of the CPSU
- Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon , English noblewoman
- Gerhard Domagk , German pathologist and bacteriologist
- Ludwig Erhard , German politician and Federal Chancellor
- Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle , President of Chile from 1994 to 2000
- Zahi Hawass , Egyptian Egyptologist
- Thor Heyerdahl , Norwegian anthropologist
- Sergei Lavrov , Russian Foreign Minister
- Antonio Máro , Peruvian painter
- Dmitri Medvedev , Russian politician and President
- Angela Merkel , German politician and Federal Chancellor
- Edmund Moeller , German sculptor
- Robert Nünlist , Commander of the Pontifical Swiss Guard
- Valentin Paniagua , Transitional President of Peru from 2000 to 2001
- José María Pemán , Spanish writer
- Maria Reiche , German archaeologist, devoted her life to studying the Nazca Lines
- Manuela Sáenz , South American freedom fighter, first female holder of the order
- Oskar Saier , Archbishop of Freiburg
- Yma Sumac , Peruvian singer
- Julio Tello , Peruvian archaeologist
- Donald Tusk , EU Council President
- August Weberbauer , German biologist, laid the foundation stone for systematic botany in Peru