Ordinarium
As Ordinary ( lat. "The Regular always Recurring") or Ordinary Mass , the constant in every celebration texts a be Holy Mass or the Divine Office referred, in contrast to the Proprium that with the liturgical year includes changing texts.
In another, outdated meaning, ordinarium meant the regular budget of a state, country or municipality with regularly recurring expenses and income, in contrast to the so-called extraordinarium , the extraordinary budget.
The Ordinarium in the Roman Catholic Mass
Basics
The rite of Holy Mass is laid down in the ordinance of the Mass, the Ordo missae . This can be found in the Ordinarium , which includes all fixed parts of the celebration in full text, while own texts ( Proprium ) are recorded elsewhere and must always be inserted.
From the Ordinarium, the five fixed parts Kyrie , Gloria , Credo , Sanctus and Agnus Dei have acquired special significance for liturgical and church music practice . They were set to music several times early on. With the development of polyphony in the Middle Ages, since the Mass de Nostre Dame by Guillaume de Machaut (1300–1377), the focus of new musical creations has increasingly focused on these five parts, for which the term ordinarium has also been established. Although various other parts of the liturgy are the same in every mass ( Our Father , acclamations , blessing formulas), these are not counted as part of the ordinarium, as they are not to be seen as independent texts of the congregation. Before the liturgical reform around 1970, the Lord's Prayer was only sung by the priest; the people only sang the ending Sed libera nos a malo .
- The Kyrie (κύριε ἐλέησον kyrie eleison 'Lord, have mercy') is a pre-Christian call of homage already used in gods and imperial cults . The Kyrios title was used in the Greek translation of the Hebrew biblical books for the divine name Adonai (also Adoic as a combination of the God's names Adonai and HaSchem ) used. Exactly this title is used by the young church to articulate its confession to Jesus, who rose from the dead and was perfected in the glory of the Father: "κύριος Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς", "Kyrios is Jesus Christ", ( Phil 2,11 EU ) . In the liturgy renewed after the Second Vatican Council , the Kyrie calls for the opening of the Mass can be expanded to include occasional invocations.
- The Gloria takes up the motif of the angels' hymn of praise from the Christmas story presented in Lk 2,14 EU : “Glory to God in the highest and peace on earth to the people of his grace.” The praise of the Glorias also includes acclamations (“We praise you , we praise you, we adore you ”) and Christ calls (“ Lord, only begotten Son, Jesus Christ; Lord and God, Lamb of God, Son of the Father ”). Since the 6th century, the Gloria has gradually been adopted from the liturgy of the Liturgy of the Hours in the celebration of Holy Mass: initially only when the Bishop of Rome presided over it, later in all Episcopal Masses. Today it is sung or spoken on all Sundays outside of Advent and Lent, on solemn festivals, celebrations and festive events.
- The creed formulated in the Creed was only adopted in the celebration of Holy Mass after the turn of the first to the second millennium. Its original function as a baptismal confession has remained unmistakable. Among the numerous confessional formulas, the text of the widespread Nicene-Constantinopolitan creed has special accents, corresponding to the magisterial focus of the ancient councils of the same name (God-humanity of Jesus Christ, Holy Spirit). Within the celebration of the Eucharist, the creed articulates in the mode of confession what is carried out in prayer in the manner of praying remembrance. The Credo is only sung or spoken on Sundays, high feasts and other festive events. In addition to the Great Creed, the Apostles' Creed can also be used.
- The prayer of Holy Mass begins with the prefation , a praise of God that varies according to the day or time in the church year, in which his great deed (oikonomia) is remembered from a salvation-historical perspective. The preface recited by the main celebrant is part of the proprium of Holy Mass. It leads directly to the acclamation of the Sanctus (actually) to be sung by all those celebrating : “Holy, holy, holy” (cf. Trisagion ). The text of the Sanctus takes up the glorification of God according to Isa 6,3 EU as well as Rev 4,8 EU , furthermore an invocation of the Messiah ( Ps 118,26 EU ; Mt 21,9 EU : Benedictus ‚Highly praised be ... ') with the characteristic Hosanna call. The Benedictus is usually set separately in church music. In the liturgy renewed after the Second Vatican Council, occasional insertions are possible in the respective prayer.
- The Agnus Dei serves as an accompaniment to breaking bread. This act was so constitutive for the early Christian Eucharist that the whole celebration was named after it (cf. Acts 2,42 EU ; Lk 24,30 EU ). The accompanying chant is repeated until the breaking of bread is over. In fact, however, it has been repeated three times, with the third part being concluded by dona nobis pacem 'give us your peace'. The designation of Jesus Christ as the Lamb of God can be found in the biblical testimony in Joh 1.29 EU and makes an explicit reference to the Jewish Passover ( Ex 12 EU ). The Christian Eucharist goes back from its roots to the Jewish Passover or Pas'cha celebration, which was expanded to include the element of the Eucharist in the Christian sense. Jesus Christ is the Passover lamb in the real, absolute sense.
As a result of the liturgical reforms in the second half of the 20th century, the options for the liturgical texts and design options in a holy mass were significantly expanded, so that from a strict division of the mass chants into ordinarium and proprium “as a design requirement of two stand-alone and each uniform repertoire cycles to be carried out "can no longer be spoken, according to liturgical scholar Markus Eham , but a distinction between liturgical" elements with the character of an ordinarium or a proprium "is more appropriate.
The main texts of the Ordinarium missae
The texts are based on:
- of the Greek / Latin version: Missale Romanum ex decreto Sacrosancti Oecumenici Concilii Vaticani II instauratum auctoritate Pauli PP. VI promulgatum. Editio typica tertia (Ioannis Pauli PP. II cura recognitum) 2002.
- of the German version: The celebration of Holy Mass. Missal. For the dioceses of the German-speaking area. Authentic edition for liturgical use. Holy Week and Easter Octave. Supplemented by the celebration of baptism and confirmation as well as the consecration of the oils. Edited on behalf of the Bishops' Conferences of Germany, Austria and Switzerland, Solothurn et al. 1996.
ancient Greek or Latin | German |
---|---|
Kyrie | |
Kyrie eleison. |
Lord, have mercy. |
Gloria | |
Gloria in excelsis Deo |
Glory to God in the highest |
Creed | |
Credo in unum Deum, |
We believe in the one God, |
Sanctus | |
Sanctus, sanctus, sanctus |
Holy, holy, holy |
Agnus Dei | |
Agnus Dei qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis. |
Lamb of God, you take away the sin of the world, have mercy on us. |
The ordinarium in the Evangelical Lutheran service
Basics
The constant texts of the Evangelical Lutheran divine service are the Lord's Prayer , Glory to the Father ( Gloria Patri ), the words of institution in the Lord's Supper and the five liturgical chants: Kyrie , Gloria , Credo , Sanctus , Agnus Dei .
In some cases, the Ordinarium also takes on the character of a Proprium, as individual Ordinarium pieces are tied to the church season:
- During Holy Week the glory be to the father ( Gloria Patri )
- The Gloria will be canceled from 2-4. Advent , in the Passion time (except Maundy Thursday) as well as on the day of repentance and on working days
- The hallelujah as the answer to the reading of the epistle is omitted on the Sundays before the Passion time ( Septuagesimae , Sexagesimae and Estomihi / Quinquagesimae ), during the Passion time and on days of penance
Usually the Apostolicum is prayed as the creed and the Nicano-Constantinopolitanum is only prayed on high feast days . This goes to the agenda reform of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. back (see agenda dispute ).
The most important texts of the Ordinarium
Kyrie | |
---|---|
Kyrie eleison. |
Lord, have mercy. |
Gloria | |
Glory to God on high |
|
Only God on high be honor |
We praise you, we adore you, |
Creed | |
Nicano-Constantinopolitanum | Apostolicum |
We believe in the one God, |
I believe in God |
Sanctus | |
Holy, holy, holy is God, the Lord of hosts, |
|
Agnus Dei | |
Christ, you Lamb of God, bearing the sin of the world, have mercy on us. |
Individual evidence
-
↑ duden.de: Ordinarium
"Ordinarium", provided by the Digital Dictionary of the German Language, < https://www.dwds.de/wb/Ordinarium >, accessed on March 10, 2019. -
↑ duden.de: Extraordinarium
"Extraordinarium", provided by the digital dictionary of the German language, < https://www.dwds.de/wb/Extraordinarium >, accessed on March 10, 2019. - ^ Markus Eham: Proprium missae . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 8 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1999, Sp. 640 f .
- ↑ Texts also in Gotteslob , nos. 582, 583, 586, 588, 589.