Organ landscape in Lower Bavaria

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The organ landscape of Lower Bavaria , an organ landscape with historically determined regional organ properties, dates back to the 17th century in its present-day existence. The most important organ builders are Johann Ignaz Egedacher , Leopold Freundt and, in the 20th and 21st centuries, Orgelbau Eisenbarth .

17th century

Organ prospect from 1680 in the Landshut Martinskirche

The oldest surviving evidence of organ building in Lower Bavaria goes back to the 17th century. There are only archival reports on older organs. The centers were the offices of the Landshut , Straubing and Burghausen rent offices as well as Passau , which as a bishopric at that time extended far into what is now Austria.

Around 1680 one of the oldest still preserved organ cases was built in the Martinskirche in Landshut , it goes back to the organ building of Christoph Egedacher II. (The instrument was wrongly attributed to the Munich organ builder Hans Lechner, or Christoph Egedacher I. ) The two side extensions are not authentic and date from 1914. Based on stylistic analyzes, it can be attributed to the master joiner Hans Georg Weissenburger . The organ brochure by Christoph Egedacher the Elder, also from the 17th century . Ä. In the Landshut Jesuit Church from 1641/42 fell victim to a fire in 1933.

In Passau the organ builders Andreas Butz (1590–1657), Jakob Butz (1625–1706), Leopoldt Freundt (1640–1722) and Georg Pauer should be mentioned. The organ of Passau Cathedral (not preserved) was built by Freundt .

18th century

Landshut

Johann Schweinacher organ in Aich, originally in the choir stalls of the Dominican Church in Landshut

A continuous organ building tradition can be demonstrated for Landshut from 1722 onwards. In 1759 Johann Schweinacher built a parapet positive on the gallery in Landshut's Theklakapelle , which is almost completely preserved today. The organs in Asbach Abbey and in Seligenthal Abbey (Landshut) also go back to him. The choir organ in the Dominican Church in Landshut was set up in the choir stalls and (therefore) provided with inlays by Christian Jorhan the Elder , it was brought to the church in Aich after the secularization , the valuable case has been preserved.

Straubing

The prospectus of the organ of the Carmelite monastery has been preserved in Straubing , the carvings of which are by Hans Georg Fux . It has a five-part structure with split gables and is crowned in the middle by a standing trumpet angel.

Passau

Ignaz Egedacher Organ Vornbach

Johann Ignaz Egedacher had a great influence on organ building in Lower Bavaria in the 18th century . The prospectuses of the two pillar organs of Passau Cathedral from 1731 are still preserved today. Today they are located in the side aisles as Gospel and Epistle organs. He also made the large organ, the prospect of which today houses the largest organ in Europe. The brochures of St. Michael (Passau) , the fortified church Kößlarn and St. Salvator (Passau) have also been preserved . In the Vornbach monastery there is still a complete organ by Egedacher with a seven-fold prospectus. A positive Egedacher for the same church can be found today in the Lamberg chapel of Passau Cathedral. As a successor to Egedacher's workshop, Philipp Jakob Schmid (* 1711) built the main organ with a two-part front in the Fürstenzell monastery church in 1746 .

19th century

Landshut

On January 27, 1792, Johannes Schweinacher's workshop was taken over by his son Joseph Schweinacher (1766–1851). Since he remained childless, he handed it over to Johann Ehrlich (1819–1860) from Passau in 1843 . After his death it passed to Franz Strauss (1820-1891), who in turn passed it on to Franz Riederer . At the same time as Strauss, a second organ builder, Johann Rödl (1818–1895), received a license for the first time .

Straubing

Anton Ehrlich (1814–1881) occupied a dominant position in organ building in Straubing in the 19th century . He was the brother of the Passau organ builder Adam Ehrlich and the Landshut organ builder Johann Ehrlich .

Passau

In 1825 Adam Ehrlich received a license to build organs in Passau. Seven organs from him have survived. Martin Hechenberger (1836–1919) took over his workshop in 1861 .

20th century

Organ of the Passau Cathedral

Up to the Second World War, the companies GF Steinmeyer & Co. ( Passauer Domorgel (1928, V, 206) ), Franz Borgias Maerz , Willibald Siemann and Ignaz Weise should be emphasized. After the Second World War, the companies Orgelbau Eisenbarth , Robert Kaulmann , Hermann Kloss , Friedrich Meier , Ekkehard Simon , Julius Zwirner and Michael Weise should be mentioned.

See also

Discography

  • Historic organs of Lower Bavaria: Sossau, Sammarei, Asbach, Altdorf, Herzogschlössl Landshut, Weltenburg, Vornbach. 1982, Christophorus-Verlag SCGLX 73961, LP (Heinz Schnauffer).
  • Baroque organs in Lower Bavaria. 2002, Ifo, CD (Norbert Düchtel).

literature

  • Georg Brenninger: Lower Bavaria as an organ landscape . In: Supplement to the official school gazette for the administrative district of Lower Bavaria . April 1, 1984, p. 1-24 .
  • Richard Kassel: Bavaria . In: Douglas Earl Bush, Richard Kassel (eds.): The Organ: An Encyclopedia . Routledge, 2006, pp. 54-58 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Otmar Heinz: Early baroque organs in Styria. On the genesis of a south German-Austrian type of instrument of the 17th century, Berlin 2012, p. 161 (footnote 375) and 162 (Historical Provincial Commission for Styria [Hrsg.]: Research on the historical regional studies of Styria , volume 53).