Carmelite Monastery of Straubing

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The Carmelite Monastery of Straubing is a monastery in the Upper German Province of the Carmelites in Straubing in Bavaria in the Diocese of Regensburg .

View of the Carmelite Church from the opposite bank of the Danube
Monastery and church, seen from the palace square

history

The monastery was founded by Duke Albrecht I of Niederbayern-Straubing (as well as the donor of the building site by the Straubing citizen Albert Stainhauf) in 1368. The Carmelites moved from Regensburg to Straubing. In 1386 the monastery was given the chaplaincy in the ducal palace. During the Reformation, the monastery went through an existential crisis. With the transfer of the miraculous image “Our Lady of the Nesseln” from Heilbronn to Straubing in 1661, however, a flourishing pilgrimage developed at the Carmelite Church. The construction of the monastery was carried out by the master builder Kaspar Zuccalli until 1700 . The monastery church was furnished in the baroque style by Wolfgang Dientzenhofer since 1700 . In the course of secularization in Bavaria from 1803, there was no repeal. The Straubing monastery became the central monastery . In 1842 it was rebuilt as an independent Carmelite monastery under Father Petrus Heitzer , the prior of the old monastery. From Straubing, the Upper German Order Province was renewed in the 19th century. 1985–1992 the interior of the Carmelite Church was restored. On November 26th, three brothers from the Indian St. Thomas Province of the Carmelites took over the pastoral work at the monastery church.

The Carmelite Monastery was acquired by the Free State of Bavaria in October 2018. The rooms of the former monastery will in future become part of the "Campus Straubing" of the Technical University of Munich.

Monastery church

Interior with high altar

The hall church was built between 1368 and 1430 in the brick Gothic style . Seven altars were consecrated as early as 1372 , the entire church was consecrated in 1430. Konrad von Straubing , Hans Krumenauer and Hans von Burghausen are named as builders of the first church building . Between 1700 and 1755 the church and furnishings were redesigned in the Baroque style. The patron saint of the church is the Holy Spirit ; the patronage is celebrated on Pentecost .

Furnishing

The oil painting of the high altar (1741) by Michelangelo Unterberger shows the sending of the Holy Spirit on Pentecost. The 21 m high altarpiece was designed by Joseph Matthias Götz . He also created the approx. 3 m high figures (from left: Pope Telesphorus , Prophet Elijah , Prophet Elisha and Pope Dionysius ). The extract shows the representation of the Trinity related to the altarpiece ; on the left stands the martyr Angelus the Carmelite , on the right Albertus Siculus . The free-standing Altarmensa with tabernacle is one of Joseph Matthias Götz's highlights. The back of the altar is also painted with a representation of Pentecost (1675).

Behind the high altar are the choir stalls from 1902 with 25 seats and 12 emergency seats. The fields of the back walls are partly decorated with reliefs from the life of the Virgin Mary carved from light lime wood . The approx. 6 m high choir altar by the sculptor Georg Schreiner from Regensburg rises between the choir stalls and the high altar. The four evangelists carry the globe on which God the Father is enthroned on their backs. Below that, the Holy Spirit hovers over Christ on the cross. The altar is carved on the model of the bronze cast by Girolamo Campagna in the church of San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice .

In the choir behind the high altar is the late Gothic clay sculpture of a grave Christ from around 1460/70. The hollowed-out Holy Sepulcher is 193 cm tall and was kept in one of the church's tombs by the Gäuboden Museum until it was restored in 2002 .

The celebration altar and the ambo were designed and built in 1993 by Friedrich Schwarzl from Bamberg . On the altar are the saints: Titus Brandsma , Teresia Benedicta a Cruce (Edith Stein), Theresia von Avila and John of Saint Samson (secular name: Jean de Moulin). In the front of the anvil is St. John of the Cross . A relic of Blessed Adolph Kolping is embedded in the front of the altar .

The design and the figures of the scapular or nettle altar on the front of the left aisle and the Sebastian altar on the front of the right aisle are also by Joseph Matthias Götz (set up in 1740).

The miraculous image of Mary of the nettles is venerated on the scapular altar . The wooden sculpture was created in 1550 as a replacement for an older Vesper picture for the Heilbronn Carmelite monastery and was kept there until the monastery was demolished in 1632. The sculpture was then in the custody of the Heilbronn Teutonic Order , before it was transferred to Straubing in 1661.

Above it, the altarpiece by Alphons as Angelo Elshout shows the presentation of the scapular to Simon Stock . Figures of Cyril of Alexandria and St. Andrew Corsini flank the altarpiece. The extract bears an oil painting depicting the award of the Bulla Sabatina . The altarpiece of the Sebastian Altar by the Straubing painter Johann Kröner (1660) was taken from the previous church, slightly modified, and shows the martyrdom of Saint Sebastian in a winter landscape in a unique representation . The extract contains an oil painting by Egid Quirin Asam with a Noli me tangere scene. The two figures show two Carmelite saints, the martyrs Petrus Thomas (left) and Brocardus (right).

Further altars in the side aisles:

The pulpit from 1756/57 is a joint work of carpenter Anton Abele, sculptor Anton Keller and barrel painter Sebastian Zierer.

Funerary monuments

Albrecht II tomb
  • Albrecht II (1368–1397), Duke of Lower Bavaria- Straubing-Holland : high grave made of red Salzburg marble in the choir of the church behind the high altar.
  • Heinrich Nothaft († 1471) and his wife Margaretha von Ortenburg († 1446): grave slab made of red marble on the left in the choir behind the high altar.
  • Johann Heinrich Notthracht von Wernberg (1604–1665), Imperial Count and Vice-President of the Imperial Court Council: High grave in the choir of the church to the left of the high altar.
  • Johann Christoph von Preysing -Hohenaschau, Graf (buried here October 6, 1666): Simple grave slab with a coat of arms on the inside wall of the choir arch on the left.
  • The grave of Agnes Bernauer († 1435) is believed to be in a chapel of the church .

Bells

Four bells (d ', f', as ', b') hang in the tower of the Carmelite Church. Bell 1 from 1765, bell 2 from 1761 and bell 4 (cast) from 1755 were cast by the then well-known baroque bell caster Johann Florido in Straubing in the year. Bell 3 was cast by the Straubing Baroque caster Master Georg Sedlbaur in 1711. On Friday at 3:00 p.m. the largest bell (No. 1) can be heard for five minutes. On Saturday at 3:00 p.m., all four bells will ring for five minutes on Sunday. All four bells are usually rung on Sundays. In the roof turret there are two more bells (g sharp ', h'), bell 5 is a zinc alloy and bell 6 comes from the Regensburg bell founder Georg Schelchshorn 1596. Both bells ring from Monday to Friday at 3:45 p.m. for Eucharistic adoration for five minutes.

Famous pepole

  • Alois Ehrlich (1868–1945); Carmelite died with a reputation for holiness.
  • Petrus Heitzer (1777-1847); Carmelite, who brought about the rebuilding of the Carmelite monastery after the secularization .
  • Franz Xaver Huber (1819–1888); Carmelite. Together with his brother Cyrill Knoll, he brought his order to the United States of America.
  • Cyrill Knoll (1813-1900); Carmelite. Together with his brother Franz Xaver Huber, he brought his order to the United States of America.
  • Wendelin Zink (1777-1840); Missionary.

literature

  • Adalbert Decker: Karmel in Straubing, 600 years. Anniversary chronicle 1368–1968. Institutum Carmelitanum, Rome 1968 ( Textus et Studia Historica Carmelitana 8, ISSN  0394-7793 ).

Web links

Remarks

  1. filterVERLAG OHG: Regensburger Nachrichten - News, reports and the latest from the region - Free State of Bavaria acquires Straubing Carmelite Monastery. Retrieved October 18, 2018 (German).
  2. 450 years of the Reformation in Heilbronn , Heilbronn City Archives 1980, p. 91, no. 19 and illus. P. 92.
  3. To search for the grave of Agnes Bernauer in the Carmelite Church: Marita Panzer: Agnes Bernauer. The murdered 'Duchess' . Pustet, Regensburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-7917-2045-6 , pp. 122-126 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 53 ′ 1.6 ″  N , 12 ° 34 ′ 21.2 ″  E