Organs in china
There have been more than 30 organs in China since the destruction after the 1949 revolution .
history
The Sheng mouth organ is one of the oldest traditional instruments in China and has been known for more than 3000 years. The pai xiao pan flute is also very old.
The oldest record of an organ of European design in what is now China, which the Jesuits brought to the Portuguese colony of Macau , is known from the year 1600 . Other instruments followed as gifts for regional rulers or for use in mission churches. These were probably very small, positives or portatives . 30 organs are known by 1800. By 1939 there were over 110, mostly in Protestant and Catholic churches.
After the revolution of 1949, all organs in the People's Republic of China were destroyed, but most of them were preserved in the British colony of Hong Kong. New ones have been built there since 1975, first for churches, then also for concert halls. In 1989 the Pipe Organ in China Project was founded at the Baptist University there , which was dedicated to researching organs in China. In 2018 it was disbanded after the work was completed.
In 1989 the first organ in the People's Republic of China was built in Beijing , and since then numerous new instruments have been made in the country.
Organs (selection)
Existing organs
The size of the instruments is indicated in the fifth column by the number of manuals and the number of sounding registers in the sixth column. A capital “P” stands for an independent pedal, a lowercase “p” for an attached pedal. The sorting is done according to location, the names of the buildings are given in English.
Province, place | building | year | Organ builder | image | register | Manuals | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beijing (Peking) | Concert Hall | 1989 | Rieger-Kloss, CZ | 60 | IV / P | First organ in the People's Republic | ||
Beijing | China National Radio | Reichenstein organ building, D | 50 | III / P | ||||
Beijing, Dong Tang | East Cathedral (St. Josephs Wangfujing) | 2012 | Rieger-Kloss | |||||
Beijing | Music Hall, Zhongshan Park | 1999 | Austin Organs | 53 | III / P | |||
Beijing | Golden Sail Concert Hall, School No. 35 | 2015 | Johannes Klais Organ Builder , D | 45 | III / P | |||
Beijing | National Center for the Performing Arts Concert Hall | 2006 | Johannes Klais organ building | 113 | IV / P | |||
Beijing | Xicheng National Grand Theater | 2007 | Johannes Klais organ building | 90 | IV / P | |||
Beijing | Youth Concert Hall, Fang Zhuang | Kenneth Jones | III / P | Main organ | ||||
Beijing | Youth Concert Hall, Fang Zhuang | Kenneth Jones | II / P | Continuo organ | ||||
Beijing | Zhongshan Park Music Hall | Austin Organs | 63 | III / P | ||||
Fuzhou | Flower Lane Church | 2017 | Rieger organ building | 45 | III / P | |||
Guangzhou | Xinghai Concert Hall | 1995 | Rieger-Kloss, CZ | 84 or 82 | IV / P | |||
Gulangyu | Xianmen Organ Museum | 1890 | Hutchings | 103 | IV / P | Great organ, 7,340 pipes; Works by Casavant, unknown, Wakeley, Rieger most recently in 2018 | ||
Hangzhou | Grand Theater Music Hall | 2006 | Rieger organ building | 47 | III / P | |||
Hefei | Grand Theater | 2010 | Casavant Frères , CAN | 60 | IV / P | Great organ | ||
Hefei | Grand Theater | 2010 | Casavant Frères | 6th | II / P | small organ | ||
Hong Kong | Academy for Performing Arts | 1986 | Rieger organ building , | 41 | IV / P | |||
Hong Kong | Chinese University | 2000 | Johannes Klais organ building | 14th | II / P | |||
Hong Kong | Cultural Center | 1989 | Rieger organ building | 93 | IV / P | |||
Nanjing | Jiangsu Grand Theater | 2017 | Rieger organ building | 92 | IV / P | |||
Nanning , Guangxi | Concert Hall | 2018 | Johannes Klais organ building | 64 | IV / P | |||
Shanghai | Oriental Art Center | 2005 | Rieger organ building | 88 | V / P | |||
Shenzhen | Guandong Culture Center | 2007 | Rieger organ building | 87 | V / P | |||
Zhengzhou | Henan Art Center | 2008 | Rieger organ building | 39 | III / P | |||
Zhuhai , Guandong | Convention Center | 2014 | Johannes Klais organ building | 55 | III / P |
literature
- David Francis Urrows: Keys to the Kindom. The History of the Pipe Organ in China (= Leuven Chinese Studies XXXVIII) . Leuven, 2017
- Martin Gimm : A western pipe organ in China during the Mongol period, in: Journal of the German Oriental Society, 162, no. 2, Wiesbaden, Harrassowitz 2012, pp. 439–456
Web links
- Organs Pipe organs in China Project , all known organs in China
- Organs in China The organ page, when entering country China
- Pipe Organs in China Clackline Valley Olives, some organs in China
Individual evidence
- ^ Pipe Organ in China Project website