Trimethyl orthoformate
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | Trimethyl orthoformate | |||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 4 H 10 O 3 | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
colorless liquid with a pungent odor |
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External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||||||||
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 106.12 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
liquid |
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density |
0.97 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
−53 ° C |
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boiling point |
104 ° C |
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Vapor pressure | ||||||||||||||||
solubility |
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Refractive index |
1.379 (20 ° C) |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C |
Trimethyl orthoformate is a chemical compound from the group of orthoesters . It is an ester of the hypothetical orthoformic acid HC (OH) 3 .
Extraction and presentation
Trimethyl orthoformate can be obtained by reacting chloroform with sodium methoxide .
properties
Trimethyl orthoformate is a highly flammable, volatile, colorless liquid with a pungent odor. At normal pressure , the compound boils at 104 ° C. The heat of vaporization is 38.2 kJ mol −1 . Hydrolysis takes place in water to form methyl formate and methanol . The reaction is slightly exothermic with a heat of reaction of −9.6 kJ mol −1 .
use
Trimethyl orthoformate can be used as an intermediate in the production of other chemical compounds (e.g. acetals or compounds such as benzimidazole , vitamin B1 ).
safety instructions
Trimethyl orthoformate forms highly flammable vapor-air mixtures. The compound has a flash point of 13 ° C. The explosion range is between 1.4 vol.% As the lower explosion limit (LEL) and 44.6 vol.% As the upper explosion limit (UEL). The limit gap width was determined to be 0.79 mm (50 ° C). This results in an assignment to explosion group IIA. The ignition temperature is 255 ° C. The substance therefore falls into temperature class T3.
Related links
- Triethyl orthoformate
- Trimethyl orthoacetate
- Dimethoxymethane (simplest acetal)
- Tetramethoxymethane (simplest orthocarbonic acid ester)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Entry on trimethoxymethane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 2, 2016(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ Entry on trimethyl orthoformate at TCI Europe, accessed on June 27, 2011.
- ↑ Trimethyl orthoformate data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 24, 2011 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Process for the distillation of a TMOF-containing electrolysis output
- ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 88th edition. (Internet version: 2008), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-504.
- ↑ a b c J. Hine, AW Klueppet: Structural effects on rates and equilibria. XVIII. Thermodynamic stability of ortho esters. In: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 96, 1974, pp. 2924-2929, doi: 10.1021 / ja00816a043 .
- ↑ a b c d E. Brandes, W. Möller: Safety-related parameters. Volume 1: Flammable Liquids and Gases. Wirtschaftsverlag NW - Verlag für neue Wissenschaft, Bremerhaven 2003.