Oskar Vierling

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Oskar Vierling (born January 24, 1904 in Straubing ; † 1986 ) was a German physicist , inventor, entrepreneur and university professor.

Life

Electrochord in the Deutsches Museum in Munich
Test and measurement technology production of the Vierling Group in Ebermannstadt (early 1960s)

Oskar Vierling went to school in Regensburg and graduated with the upper secondary qualification . In 1925 he graduated from the Ohm Polytechnic in Nuremberg and went to the Telegraph Technology Reichsamt in Berlin as the best of his year . He applied for his first patent while studying in Nuremberg , which was followed by over 200 more. From 1929 he studied physics, received his doctorate in 1935 and completed his habilitation two years later at the Technical University of Berlin . At the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Vibration Research , he was Fritz Sennheiser's doctoral supervisor .

In 1933 he had the idea of ​​the Electrochord , an electrically reinforced grand piano without a soundboard, which he built together with Benjamin Franklin Mießner (1890–1976) and the August Förster piano factory . At the Heinrich Hertz Institute in Berlin, under the direction of Karl Willy Wagner , he developed the large stone organ for the 1936 Olympic Games together with Winston E. Kock . In Darmstadt he assisted Jörg Mager with the construction of the keyboard spheraphone and with the melodium .

In 1938 he was appointed professor at the Technical University of Hanover for high-frequency technology and electro-acoustics , where he founded the institute of the same name.

In 1941 research assignments by the Wehrmacht prompted him to found the Vierling Group . For this armaments research , he had the Feuerstein Castle Research Laboratory, located in the center of Germany and disguised as a Franconian castle and military hospital, built in Ebermannstadt . This is where the first directional radio links were built and tested and the controls for the acoustically controlled torpedo "Wren" and "Geier" were developed. Vierling cooperated with Erich Hüttenhain and Erich Fellgiebel under the direction of the Wehrmacht High Command , Encryption Technology Department . He worked on encryption procedures and on improving the SZ 42 encryption machine . He started tests for the acoustic ignition of mines and he invented an anti-radar coating for submarines (camouflage name "chimney sweep"). Vierling and his team also developed radios and electronic computers.

Vierling had an ambivalent relationship with the Nazis. On the one hand he was a member of the NSDAP, on the other hand he worked largely independently and attracted negative attention in the party apparatus, as he was not regularly present at party meetings.

In the post-war period, he made his knowledge of intelligence technology available to the Gehlen organization , for whom he constructed listening devices.

From 1949 to 1955 he taught as a professor of physics at the Philosophical-Theological University in Bamberg .

The first testing devices of the Deutsche Bundespost with transistors and later on a microprocessor basis as well as the famous TED for the TV show "Wetten, dass ...?" Were based on his ideas.

Vierling was married and had two sons who took over the management of the Vierling group.

Awards

Fonts

  • The electric musical instrument , vibration generation by electron tubes, in: Journal of the Association of German Engineers, 1932, Vol. 76, No. 26, p. 627.
  • The electro-acoustic piano , VDI-Verlag, Berlin 1936
  • with Fritz Sennheiser : The spectral structure of long and short vowels , in: Akustische Zeitschrift, 1937, No. 2, pp. 93-106.
  • A new electric organ , Berlin 1938
  • with Fritz Sennheiser: On the question of influencing the use of notes on the organ , in: Akustische Zeitschrift, 1941, No. 6, pp. 294–298
  • The concept of formant , in: Annalen der Physik

literature

  • Wolfgang Voigt: Oskar Vierling, a pioneer of electroacoustics for musical instrument making , in: Das Musikinstrument vol. 37, No. 1/2, 1988, 214-221 and No. 2/3, 172-176.
  • Peter Donhauser: Electrical sound machines , Böhlau 2007.
  • TH Hannover (ed.): Catalogus Professorum. The teaching staff of the Technical University of Hanover 1831–1856 , Hanover: Technical University of 1956, p. 201

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ INVENTORY TO THE BENJAMIN F. MIESSNER COLLECTION, 1906–1978 ( Memento from December 14, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ august-foerster.de: Das Elektrochord
  3. ↑ a b c d Nazi laboratory in Upper Franconia: Secret weapons from the castle dungeon . someday. Contemporary stories on Spiegel Online. Retrieved April 22, 2011.
personal data
SURNAME Quadruplets, Oskar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist, inventor, entrepreneur and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH January 24, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Straubing
DATE OF DEATH 1986
Place of death Ebermannstadt