Ottenstein reservoir
| Ottenstein reservoir | |||||
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| Coordinates | 48 ° 35 ′ 50 " N , 15 ° 19 ′ 10" E | ||||
| Data on the structure | |||||
| Height of the barrier structure : | 69 m | ||||
| Power plant output: | 48,000 kW | ||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||
| Altitude (at congestion destination ) | 490 m above sea level A. | ||||
| Water surface | 4.3 km² | ||||
| Storage space | 73 million m³ | ||||
| Catchment area | Camp | ||||
The Ottenstein reservoir is the uppermost of the three Kamp reservoirs in the Lower Austrian Waldviertel and a popular leisure and excursion destination. Down the river lie the Dobra reservoir and the Thurnberger reservoir .
description
The water of the Kamp is dammed behind the 69 m high vaulted dam. With full back which includes reservoir 73 million cubic meters of water. The water area is then 4.3 km² and extends to Zwettl Abbey . The backwater area is partly on the Allentsteig military training area, which was depopulated during the Nazi era .
The reservoir is surrounded by forest and stony banks. The hilly landscape of the Waldviertel also ensures that its branching arms of the lake are reminiscent of the fjord-like landscape of Scandinavia , which is actually atypical in this country .
Excursion destination and recreation area
The reservoir is a popular destination, especially in summer, and stimulates tourism in the region. There are numerous cycling, hiking and riding trails along the wooded banks. Some of the fjord-like bays can only be reached by (rental) boat and allow a lot of peace and quiet and places worth seeing. The castle Ottenstein and the ruin Lichtenfels are on peninsulas and can be seen from the lake well see.
The Ottenstein reservoir also has a wealth of fish : pike , carp , perch , pikeperch , tench and trout can be fished here.
history
Even before the First World War , initial considerations were made of using the Kamp between Zwettl and Rosenburg for energy generation. However, a usage concession that was granted to the Wallsee Danube Power Plant Syndicate by the Lower Austrian Lieutenancy in 1913 and was valid for the entire Kamp expired due to the First World War.
In the inter-war period , Niederösterreichische Elektrizitätswirtschafts-AG NEWAG resumed planning from the pre-war period. However, the expansion of hydropower was concentrated in southern Lower Austria. Later the world economic crisis did not allow the plans to be realized.
In 1943, Siemens-Schuckertwerke created a project according to which nine storage power plants, three run-of-river power plants and a compensation plant were to be built on the upper and middle reaches of the river.
The state of Lower Austria wanted to meet the increasing energy demand after the end of the Second World War by building its own power plants. The three most economical projects of the Siemens-Schuckert plan were to be implemented in a planned first expansion stage, namely
- the Ottenstein pumped storage power plant ,
- the storage power plant Dobra-Krumau and
- the Thurnberg-Wegscheid compensation plant.
The decision to build the two plants Dobra-Krumau and Thurnberg-Wegscheid initially passed by the state of Lower Austria in 1946 was blocked by the ratification of the second nationalization law of the federal government. This law allowed the construction and operation of large power plant projects only to the newly founded special companies - in this case Donaukraftwerke AG DoKW as the closest company. The main task of the national companies should be the regional power distribution and the construction of smaller systems.
However, since NEWAG contractually secured the concession that it would be able to carry out the project itself, should DoKW not start work within a year, it finally fell back to NEWAG.
Difficulties were initially caused by the owners of the water rights on the Kamp, but these were settled after lengthy negotiations. Financing was also problematic. Since Lower Austria was in the Soviet zone of occupation , ERP funds (European Recovery Program or Marshall Plan) could not be accessed and the construction had to be financed through bank loans. Additional negotiations had to be conducted with the Russian occupation forces, as a quarry necessary for the construction of the Ottenstein power station was located on the Döllersheim military training area used by the Red Army .
A geological fault zone that was discovered during the excavation work on the valley flanks made it necessary to relocate the dam wall 50 meters downstream.
The concreting work began on October 14, 1954. The first machine set went into operation on October 14, 1956. On July 6, 1957, the Ottenstein pumped storage power plant was officially opened in the presence of Federal Chancellor Julius Raab .
The power plant is now operated by evn naturkraft .
In the nacelle are four Francis turbines with a rated power installed 12 MW each. The nominal flow rate is a total of 100 m³ / s. The processed water flows directly into the Dobra storage tank . There are also two pumps with an output of 9 MW each, which can pump the water from the Dobra reservoir back into the Ottenstein reservoir .
The reservoir hit the headlines during the flood in 2002 , as possibly incorrect drainage is said to have favored the flood. However, no culpable action has been proven.
In mid-May 2018, after a long period of dry weather, the reservoir had an atypically low water level about 5 meters below the long-term average. The resulting lower head had the effect of lower maximum pressure on the turbines and a correspondingly lower maximum generator output.
In March 2020 it was reported that EVN will continue to have to clear trees, especially spruces, around the lake in order to stop the bark beetle . Before replanting, you check which tree species are suitable to better tolerate higher temperatures and drought .
Dam of the Ottenstein power plant at night
Dam wall of the Ottenstein power station with the power house in which the pumps and turbines are located
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reservoir Ottenstein. Retrieved December 18, 2019 .
- ↑ Reservoir fishermen. Retrieved December 18, 2019 .
- ^ Valentin Weber-Ille: Architecture of hydropower plants in Austria (dissertation, Vienna, April 2013)
- ↑ The Kampkraftwerk Ottenstein completed . In: Arbeiter-Zeitung , July 2, 1957, p. 3, column 2 above.
- ↑ Green electricity from 72 hydropower plants. evn naturkraft, accessed on April 5, 2018 .
- ↑ Friedrich Zemanek et al :: Hydropower in Lower Austria - Renewable Energy for People and the Environment . 1st edition. Maria Enzersdorf 2003 (27 p.: Ill., Graph. Darst .; IDN: 499886 / IDA: GRWA-3066; Date: August 18, 2003).
- ^ WKA evn naturkraft GmbH, Ottenstein power plant 3371 KR . In: Office of the Lower Austrian State Government (ed.): Excerpt from the water book . ( noel.gv.at ).
- ↑ The five storage power plants of evn naturkraft. evn naturkraft, accessed on April 5, 2018 .
- ↑ Christian Reszler, Günter Blöschl, Jürgen Komma: Simulation of the power plant control on the Kamp . In: Technical University of Vienna (Ed.): Wiener Mitteilungen: Flood forecast - experiences, developments & reality . tape 199 , October 2006 ( tuwien.ac.at [PDF]).
- ↑ Ottenstein reservoir five meters missing orf.at, May 12, 2018, accessed May 12, 2018.
- ↑ Reservoir Ottenstein: EVN is looking for spruce replacement orf.at, March 1, 2020, accessed March 1, 2020.
