Dobra reservoir
| Dobra reservoir | |||||
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| Coordinates | 48 ° 35 '37 " N , 15 ° 23' 10" E | ||||
| Data on the structure | |||||
| Construction time: | 1950s | ||||
| Power plant output: | 16,200 kW | ||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||
| Altitude (at congestion destination ) | 438 m above sea level A. | ||||
| Water surface | 155 ha | ||||
| Total storage space : | 20 million cubic meters | ||||
The Dobra reservoir is the middle of the three reservoirs on Kamp in the Lower Austrian Waldviertel . It begins directly below the dam of the Ottenstein reservoir . The lake belongs to the municipality of Rastenfeld and Pölla . The lock is located exactly on the municipal boundary and the majority belongs to Rastenfeld.
The water area is 155 ha . The reservoir is about five kilometers long and wooded and steeply sloping on both banks. The state road L7051 runs along the southern bank.
The ruins of Dobra rise on a headland .
Even before the First World War , initial considerations were made of using the Kamp between Zwettl and Rosenburg for energy generation. However, a usage concession that was granted to the Wallsee Danube Power Plant Syndicate by the Lower Austrian Lieutenancy in 1913 and was valid for the entire Kamp expired due to the First World War.
In the inter-war period , Niederösterreichische Elektrizitätswirtschafts-AG NEWAG resumed planning from the pre-war period. However, the expansion of hydropower was concentrated in southern Lower Austria. Later the world economic crisis did not allow the plans to be realized.
In 1943, Siemens-Schuckertwerke created a project according to which nine storage power plants, three run-of-river power plants and a compensation plant were to be built on the upper and middle reaches of the river.
The state of Lower Austria wanted to meet the increasing energy demand after the end of the Second World War by building its own power plants. The three most economical projects of the Siemens-Schuckert plan were to be implemented in a planned first expansion stage, namely
- the Ottenstein pumped storage power plant ,
- the storage power plant Dobra-Krumau and
- the Thurnberg-Wegscheid compensation plant.
The decision to build the two plants Dobra-Krumau and Thurnberg-Wegscheid initially passed by the state of Lower Austria in 1946 was blocked by the ratification of the second nationalization law of the federal government. This law allowed the construction and operation of large power plant projects only to the newly founded special companies - in this case Donaukraftwerke AG DoKW as the closest company. The main task of the national companies should be the regional power distribution and the construction of smaller systems.
However, since NEWAG contractually secured the concession that it would be able to carry out the project itself, should DoKW not start work within a year, it finally fell back to NEWAG.
Difficulties were initially caused by the owners of the water rights on the Kamp, but these were settled after lengthy negotiations. Financing was also problematic. Since Lower Austria was in the Soviet zone of occupation , ERP funds could not be accessed here and the construction had to be financed with bank loans. Additional negotiations had to be conducted with the Russian occupation forces, as part of the reservoir was adjacent to the Döllersheim military training area used by the Red Army .
On October 1, 1949, construction work began on the Dobra-Krumau storage power plant and the Thurnberg-Wegscheid compensation plant with a groundbreaking ceremony in the presence of Johann Steinböck , Governor of Lower Austria. The two dams were divided into four construction lots, viz
- the closing structure Dobra,
- the headrace and the Krumau powerhouse,
- the Thurnberg closing structure and
- the penstock and the Wegscheid powerhouse are shared.
The dam was built in the years 1950–1953 by NEWAG, today's EVN AG . The dam of the barrier was originally planned as a 200-meter-long weight wall, redesigned to be a material-saving vaulted wall and, due to geological problems on the right bank, finally built as a cylindrical wall.
In July 1950 the workers went on strike for better wages and in May 1951 a flood hampered construction. The main contractor, the Rella & Neffe company, ran into economic difficulties in autumn 1951. In order to avoid a time-consuming new tender, Rella & Neffe was allowed to continue working on the basis of a cost reimbursement contract after the cancellation of the original contract in February 1952. Two years after completion, the Dobra dam had to be raised by two meters in order to provide the Ottenstein power plant with enough water for pumping operations.
The power house in Krumau am Kamp receives the water through a three-kilometer-long headrace pipe, which on the one hand freely laid crosses the Kamp and Genitzbach by means of pipe bridges and on the other hand is also led through tunnels. It drives three Francis turbines with an output of 5400 kilowatts each. The power plant is now operated by evn naturkraft .
The Thurnberg reservoir , which serves as a compensation lake and also as a power station, is located below the Krumau powerhouse .
Due to the large and diverse fish population, the reservoir is a popular fishing area. The occurring fish species are carp , pike , pikeperch , eel , tench , bream , nasal and aitel .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kamp Stausee Dobra Revier I ( Memento of the original from August 17, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the water database accessed on February 20, 2011
- ↑ Dipl.-Ing. Valentin Weber-Ille: Architecture of hydropower plants in Austria (Dissertation, Vienna, April 2013)
- ↑ Establishment of the Kamptal reservoirs
- ↑ Dipl.-Ing. Valentin Weber-Ille: Architecture of hydropower plants in Austria (Dissertation, Vienna, April 2013)
- ↑ Dipl.-Ing. Valentin Weber-Ille: Architecture of hydropower plants in Austria (Dissertation, Vienna, April 2013)
- ↑ Zemanek Friedrich et al: Wasserkraft in Niederösterreich, Maria Enzersdorf, 2003 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 20, 2011
- ↑ The evn naturkraft website with the list of power plants ( memento of the original from August 28, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 30, 2011
Web links
- About geological recordings during the construction of the Kamp power plants (PDF file; 2.36 MB) by Christof Exner from the1953yearbook of the Geological Society
- Construction of the Kamptal reservoirs