Pange lingua

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pange lingua ( Latin for besinge, tongue! ) Are the opening words and at the same time the title of the most famous Eucharistic hymn , which is attributed to the doctor of the church Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274). They go back to the cross hymn of the same name Pange lingua by Venantius Fortunatus and are quoted in numerous other medieval poems.

The Pange lingua of Thomas Aquinas is sung mainly to celebrate the feast of Corpus Christi and on Maundy Thursday . His closing stanzas Tantum ergo and Genitori are also sung during the sacramental blessing , to expose the holy of holies .

Protestant composers such as Dieterich Buxtehude have set the text to music as musica sub communione (music for the distribution of the Lord's Supper) (BuxWV 91).

Building on the Kyrie of the Missa Pange lingua by Josquin Desprez , the Do-Re-Fa-Mi-Re-Do theme transposed a fifth down became the third line of the hymn ( Sol-La-Do-Si-La-Sol ) one of the most processed in music history. Simon Lohet , Michelangelo Rossi , François Roberday , Johann Caspar Ferdinand Fischer , Johann Jakob Froberger , Johann Caspar von Kerll , Johann Sebastian Bach , Johann Joseph Fux composed fugues about it, and through Fux's detailed elaborations on the topic in the Gradus ad Parnassum it became the Teaching example for budding composers, including Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , whose Jupiter theme consists of the first four notes.

In the organ literature of the 20th century, Johann Nepomuk David created a pange lingua (1928). In 1929 Zoltán Kodály wrote a Pange Lingua for mixed choir and organ.

Text and transmissions

The Latin text of the Pange lingua by Thomas Aquinas can be found e.g. B. in Gotteslob (1975) under no.544 (in Gotteslob 2013: no.494). In the following it is accompanied by the translation by Heinrich Bone (1847), as it is in the hymn book Divine Service . The Praise of God (1975) also contained a complete transmission by Maria Luise Thurmair . In addition, there is another transmission by Friedrich Dörr , but only for the most sung stanzas, namely the fifth and sixth, which are known under the name Tantum ergo . This is contained in God's Praise (2013) under no. 495, plus a retransmission of the entire hymn by Liborius Olaf Lumma (no. 493). All transmissions deviate further from the original than those by Heinrich Bone (they cannot be reproduced here for copyright reasons) and they are counterfactures .

Thomas Aquinas 1263/64


Pange, lingua, gloriosi
Corporis mysterium,
Sanguinisque pretiosi,
quem in mundi pretium
fructus ventris generosi
Rex effudit Gentium.

Nobis datus, nobis natus
ex intacta Virgine,
et in mundo conversatus,
sparso verbi semine,
sui moras incolatus
miro clausit ordine.

In supremae nocte coenae
recumbens cum fratribus
observata lege plene
cibis in legalibus,
cibum turbae duodenae
se dat suis manibus.

Verbum caro, panem verum
verbo carnem efficit:
fitque sanguis Christi merum,
et si sensus deficit,
ad firmandum cor sincerum
sola fides sufficit.

Tantum ergo Sacramentum
veneremur cernui:
et antiquum documentum
novo cedat ritui:
praestet fides supplementum
sensuum defectui.

Genitori, Genitoque
laus et jubilatio,
salus, honor, virtus quoque
sit et benedictio:
procedenti ab utroque
compar sit laudatio.
Amen.

translation


Prices, tongue, the secret of
the glorified body
and the precious blood,
which, as a purchase price for the world , shed
the fruit of the noble womb,
the king of the nations.

Given to us, born to us
of the unharmed Virgin
and walking in the world,
he sowed the seeds of the word
and closed the time of his stay
with a wonderful arrangement.

Lying
at table with the brothers on the night of the last supper , he
obeyed the law entirely
with the prescribed meals;
then
with his own hands he gives himself for food to the host of the twelve .

The Word made flesh makes real bread flesh
through His Word;
and the wine becomes the blood of Christ.
Even if
the sense of perception fails,
faith alone is sufficient to assure a sincere heart .

So let us
worship such a great sacrament bowed down,
and let the old covenant give way to
the new custom;
belief
provides a substitute for the failure of the senses.

To the beginner and to the begotten
be praise and joy,
salvation, honor, power
and praise ;
and he who proceeds from both
be given equal praise.
Amen.

Heinrich Bone 1847


Praise, tongue, the mystery of
this body full of glory
and the priceless blood that
, consecrated for the salvation of the world,
Jesus Christ shed,
Lord of the peoples of all time.

Given to us, born to us
of the virgin, chaste and pure,
he walked on earth to
sow seeds of truth,
and at the end of his life
he institutes this secret.

That night at the last meal he
sat with the disciples.
When
the lamb was now consumed according to the prescription of the law , he
gave
himself to his own for food with his own hand .

And the word, made flesh,
creates
flesh and blood for sacrificial food through word out of bread and wine
, it also sees it not a.
It is enough for the pure heart
what faith alone tells it.

Let us therefore deeply venerate
such a great sacrament;
this covenant is to last forever,
and the old one has an end.
Our faith should teach us
what the eye cannot see.

God, the Father and the Son,
be praise, praise and glory
with the Spirit in the highest throne,
one power and one being!
Sing with a loud cheer:
Honor the Trinity!
Amen.

meter

Thomas Aquinas adopted the structure of verses and stanzas from the Pange lingua of Venantius Fortunatus, however, as was already common in his time, instead of the quantitating trochaic meter of antiquity, he used an accentuating trochaeus with rhyming verses , as can be seen in the example of the first stanza:

Pánge língua gloriósi
córporis mystérium
sanguinísque pretiósi,
quem in múndi prétium
frúctus véntris generósi
rex effúdit géntium.

The attached accents show that they all lie on the trochaic and musically stressed odd-numbered syllables, while it deviates in several places from the quantitating trochaic meter of antiquity, the first time with pretiosi , whose first syllable pre is not long. On the other hand, the Pange lingua of Venantius Fortunatus rejects the accentuating Trochaic meter in two places. The first stanza here is:

Pange, lingua, gloriosi proelium certaminis
Et super crucis tropaeo dic triumphum nobilem,
Qualiter redemptor orbis immolatus vicerit.

The words súper and crúcis are not stressed on the second syllable , as the trochaic accent metric would require (the verse begins with et super crucis ).

Audio samples

See also

literature

  • Guido Maria Dreves, Clemens Blume: A millennium Latin hymn poem. A harvest of blossoms from the Analektika Hymnika with explanations of literary history. OR Reisland, Leipzig 1909, Part I, pp. 36–37, 355–377.
  • Church service. Prayer and hymn book for the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising. Munich, Verlag J. Pfeiffer, 1958.
  • Siegbert Rampe: Foreword to Froberger, new edition of all works I , Kassel etc. 2002, p. XX, XLI (FbWV 202).
  • William Klenz: Per Aspera ad Astra, or The Stairway to Jupiter ; The Music Review Vol. 30 No. 3, August 1969, pp. 169-210.

Web links

Commons : Pange lingua  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Fuga Undecima, CEKM 25, p. 23
  2. ↑ Versetto quinto tono II, CEKM 15, p. 51
  3. ↑ Fugue 12me., Heugel LP 44, p. 68
  4. ^ Fugue E from Ariadne Musica
  5. ↑ FbWV 202, FbWV 404
  6. ↑ ramp
  7. ↑ Canzona 4, DM 1204, p. 12
  8. ↑ BWV 878
  9. ^ Mizler translation, plates XXIII, XXIV, XXVII, XXIX, XXX
  10. ↑ Klenz p. 169: “ Well known to students of counterpoint as an imposed cantus firmus, this sequence of notes is one of the most gnomic groupings of tones ever devised by Western music. ”
  11. ↑ Markus Bautsch: About Contrafactures of Gregorian Repertoires - Pange, lingua, gloriosi , accessed on February 8, 2015