List of Parseval airships

Under the name Parseval , a total of 22 airships were built between 1909 and 1919 under August von Parseval . Later on, some airships were built under the name Parseval-Naatz principle.

The ships were previously described with the male form. It was called: The Parseval, as it was also the case with the Zeppelins .

Sketch of a Parseval airship

Aircraft Company Brochure

The Parseval airships up to PL 25 were impact airships , the following keel airships . According to their shape and structure, the ships were disparagingly referred to by the crews as rubber cows .

list

Experimental airship

Shortly before take-off on May 26, 1906, driven by Captain von Krogh

first trip on May 26, 1906 on the military grounds in Berlin Tegel
Pilot: Captain von Krogh
Length: 48.5 m, diameter: 4.8 m
Drive: Daimler engine with 26 kW (35 PS)
Top speed: 43.2 km / h
The envelope was manufactured by the Riedinger balloon factory and later enlarged from 2,300 to 2,800 m³, the length increased to 50 m
Only after completion of all modifications was it listed under the name "PL 1" from 1909

PL 1

1st place in the Gordon Bennet race

emerged from the test airship
Maiden voyage: September 21, 1909
Volume: 3,200 m³, 60 m long, 9.4 m diameter
Drive: a Daimler engine with 62 kW (85 PS), a 4.25 m propeller
Following three test drives on September 21 and 22, 1909 and improvements to the control system and the shape of the envelope, the PL 1 was transported by train to Zurich for the Gordon Bennet balloon race (four demonstration drives in Zurich).
was operated in February 1910 for the Imperial Aero Club Airship and in Bitterfeld until its decommissioning
20 journeys between September 21, 1909 and April 21, 1910, the last journey ended with an emergency landing
Experiments with a photo projector (see also PL 6)

PL 2 / PI

PI and P II via Cologne

built for the Prussian Army, there under the designation PI, construction similar to PL 1
first trip: August 13, 1908, in use until 1912, then disarmed
Volume: 4,100 m³
Length: 60 m, diameter: 10.4 m
Drive: A Daimler engine with 62 kW (85 PS) with a propeller
Top speed: 47 km / h
destroyed on landing during a storm on September 16, 1908 near Grünewald

PL 3 / P.II

Military airship PII

From March 23, after only 7 trips, the envelope was increased from 5,600 to 6,600 m³, refilling started on June 5, 1909, length remained at 70 m, diameter increased by one meter to 11.3 m, test run on June 28, 1909 in Bitterfeld
Performed regular passenger trips with up to 7 passengers and 4 crew members at the International Aviation Exhibition in Frankfurt am Main (ILA) from August 7th to the end of October 1909. A total of 74 trips
At the International Aviation Exhibition in Frankfurt am Main in 1909, a race between the Zeppelin LZ 6 and the PL 3 took place on September 15 . This race turned equally the culmination of the split in the airship world: while the Zeppelin -Luftschiffe as rigid airships were built, Parseval airships were a blimp constructed.
On April 22, 1910, the airship took part in an air parade in front of Kaiser Wilhelm II in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe . Due to wind and rain, PL 3 did not return to Cologne until April 23 at 7 p.m., where it landed undamaged at around 1 a.m.
Decommissioned after diving into the sea on May 16, 1910
Drive: two NAG motors with 81 kW (110 PS) each, each driving a four-bladed propeller
Top speed: 51 km / h

PL 4 - WED

PL IV in Vienna

PL IV-M I in Fischamend

PL 4 was bought by the kuk military aeronautical establishment and stationed in Fischamend under the name "MI"
First voyage: November 26, 1909
Volume: 2,450 m³
Drive: Austro-Daimler motors from Wiener Neustadt , either 1 × 62 kW or 2 × 33 kW (85 or 2 × 45 PS), each of which powered a propeller
Cover from the Austrian rubber goods factory in Wimpassing ; 2 ballonets
Length: 50 m, diameter 12.5 m
Impact height: 1,000 m
Crew: 2–3, passengers: 4–5 (capacity for a total of 7 people)
disarmed 1913

PL 5

Over 150 passenger trips
On June 16, 1911 when the envelope was emptied in Hann. Münden destroyed by fire, was later replaced by PL 9.
Volume: 1,450 m³
Speed: 36 km / h
Journey time 5 hours
Climbing height: 1,000 m
Crew and passengers: 3–4

PL 6 "Stollwerck"

PL 6 Dresden / Munich

Tour and advertising airship
first trip June 30, 1910
up to 12 passengers
First night system for aerial advertising on an airship, images could be projected onto the shell with a projector
was modernized and enlarged in October 1912 in order to bring it to the same technical level as PL 12, including increased size from 6,800 to 8,000 m³
Length: 70 m; later 75 m
Diameter: 15 m
Drive: 2 NAG motors with a total of 162 kW (220 PS) and two-bladed propellers
Max. Speed: 56; after the modernization 59 km / h
A total of 250 journeys and 2300 passengers and 15000 km were covered

PL 7 handle

PL 7

Delivered to Russia under the designation Grif (see: Russian airships )
Volume: 6700 m³
Speed: 14-15 m / s
Travel time: ≥ 20 h
Elevation: 2500 m
Crew and passengers: 12-16
Crew: 3–4

PL 8 replacement P.II

Drawing PL 8

Military acceptance on March 12, 1913 by the Prussian Army under the designation Replacement P.II
Volume: 5600 m³
Speed: 16-17 m / s
Travel time: ≥ 20 h
Elevation height: 2000 m
Passengers and crew: 7–12
Crew: 4

PL 9

replaced the PL 5 burned in Hanover in Breslau
Sold to the Turkish military in 1913

PL 10 sports airship

1,700 m³ "sports airship": dismantled after the first voyage in 1910 and stored in Bitterfeld

PL 11 - P.III

first trip March 1, 1912, for the Prussian Army as P.III until mid-1914

PL 12 Charlotte

Baptized "Charlotte",
built for "Rheinisch-Westfälische Flug- und Sportplatz-Gesellschaft mbH Wanne-Herten", used there for tours
first trip: May 11, 1912
PL 12 was used as a passenger and advertising airship until 1914.
82 m long, 14 m diameter
Drive: 2 NAG motors with 81 kW (110 PS) each
Volume: 8,000 m³
Top speed: 48 km / h

PL 13 Yuhi

1912 as Yuhi to Japan

PL 14 Burewestnik

Delivered to Russia under the name Burewestnik
See also : "Burewestnik (PL-14)" in the article Russian airship

PL 15 - M 3

went to Italy as M 3 in 1914

PL 16 - P.IV

first trip: October 2nd, 1913,
was given to the Prussian Army in mid-1914, where it was designated as P.IV
was in service until March 24, 1916
Volume: 9,600 m³
Length: 84 m
Diameter: 15.5 m
Drive power: 264 kW
Max. Speed 70 km / h

PL 17

first trip December 30, 1912
Delivered to Italy, served in the army there until 1915

PL 18 - No. 4th

first trip: April 23, 1913
1913 to the British Navy, there under the name Parseval No. 4, the operation is described as very successful
80 m long, 15 m diameter, 8,800 m³
Drive: two Maybach motors with 132 kW (180 PS) each, top speed 68 km / h
Crew: two officers and seven men, radio and armament were installed
Served as a patrol airship during World War I , decommissioned in July 1917.

PL 19

PL 19 was supposed to be used by the British Navy as Parseval No. 5, but was put into service with the German Navy after the outbreak of war. In England, Vickers made three shells and two nacelles with identical specifications as replacements.

first trip: August 30, 1914

92 m long, 15 m diameter, 10,000 m³

Drive: two Maybach motors with 132 kW (180 PS) each, speed: 76 km / h,

On January 25, 1915, after an attack voyage on Libau , it made an emergency landing due to damage by fire at sea, and the crew was taken prisoner by Russia

PL 20 to PL 24

PL 20 to PL 24 were not built.

PL 25

PL 26

When landing after the first voyage on October 26, 1915, there was an accident. The airship burned, people did not die.

semi-rigid airship
Length: 157 m
Max. Diameter: 19.5 m
Volume: 31,300 m³
Top speed: 100 km / h
Drive: four Maybach engines with 177 kW (240 PS) each

PL 27

PL 27 made its first voyage on March 8, 1917. The main difference to its predecessor PL 26 was the arrangement of the gondolas. Since it no longer met the increased military requirements, it was not used by the military and converted into a passenger airship in 1919 . However, it had to be dismantled in 1920 according to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty.

Length: 157 m
Max. Diameter: 19.5 m
Volume: 31,300 m³
Top speed: 100 km / h
Drive: four Maybach engines with 177 kW (240 PS) each
Payload: 18 t

(Parseval) Raab-Katzenstein RK 27

Identifier D-RK27
semi-rigid construction, August von Parseval only acted in an advisory capacity
Advertising airship with the inscription Trumpf Chocolate
built in Kassel by the Raab-Katzenstein-Flugzeugwerke
first trip on May 4, 1929 in Kassel
Volume 1,440 m³
Length 40 m
Impact height 1,000 meters
Drive: two Anzani engines with 26 kW (35 PS) each
Speed: 80 km / h
Four people could be carried.

Parseval-Naatz PN 28

D-PN 28; 1:50 scale model in the Otto Lilienthal Museum

Identification D-PN 28
semi-rigid construction
Length: 39.5 m
Max. Diameter: 10.5 m
second advertising airship with the inscription Trumpf-Schokolade
built in Seddin / Pomerania by Berliner Wasser- und Luftfahrzeug GmbH
first trip on June 6, 1929 in Berlin
Volume: 1,800 m³

Parseval-Naatz PN 29

Identification D-PN 29
semi-rigid airship
Advertising airship with the inscription Sidenhuset

built in 1929 as D-PN 29 with a passenger capacity of 5 people

Volume: 2,300 m³

Length: 44 m, diameter: 10 m

Drive: A Siemens Halske engine with 75 kW (100 PS)

Top speed: 82 km / h

Total travel time: around 600 hours in 200 journeys.

On May 21, 1930 PN 29 was given the Swedish name SE-ACG Sidenhuset . Sidenhuset was a very well-known women's boutique in Stockholm at the time. The lettering was also big on the cover. The owner was AB Luftskeppsreklam i Stockholm .

The main task was aerial advertising over the Stockholm exhibition “Stockholmsutställningen”, a large craft fair with around 4 million visitors from May 16 to September 30. After only a week, the parked ship was damaged by strong winds at night. The manufacturer flew in to examine the damage. It was decided to take the ship to Germany to be repaired there. During the crossing, the ship crashed on June 4, 1930 south of the island of Öland in the Baltic Sea. The crew was saved, but the ship sank in the sea.

Parseval - Naatz PN 30

PN 30 went under the name Odol as an advertising airship. In addition to the advertising flights, technical tests were also made with this airship. It was once attached to the anchor mast for 63 days without being damaged.

Identification: D-PN 30
Advertising airship with the inscription Odol
Length: 46 m
Max. Diameter: 10.8 m
Volume: 2,600 m³
Top speed: 80 km / h
Motorization: Siemens & Halske with 160 HP
first trip: July 1932

literature

JK Bock, B. Knauer: Lighter than air: transport and carrier systems . Verlag Frankenschwelle, Hildburghausen 2003, ISBN 3-86180-139-6 .
Christian Fackeldey: Parseval in sight! jmb Verlag, Hannover 2016, ISBN 978-3-944342-76-4 .
D. Haaland, HG Knäusel, G. Schmidt, J. Seifert: Lighter than air - balloons and airships. (= Deutsche Luftfahrt. Volume 26). Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Bonn 1997, ISBN 3-7637-6114-4 .
Jürgen Seifert: The airship yard and the seaplane construction department of the Luft-Fahrzeug-Gesellschaft in Bitterfeld (1908–1920). Bitterfeld 1988, DNB 891060502 .
G. Schmitt, W. Schwipps: Pioneers of early aviation. Gondrom Verlag , Bindlach 1995, ISBN 3-8112-1189-7 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Ladislas d 'Orcy: D'Orcy's airship manual; an international register of airships with a compendium of the airship's elementary mechanics. The Century Co., New York 1917, pp. 107-113. (online at archive.org ; accessed October 6, 2016)
↑ J. Bleibler: Starrluftschiffprojekte in Germany 1908 to 1914. In: W. Meighörner (Ed.): Airships that were never built. Friedrichshafen 2002, ISBN 3-86136-076-4 , p. 39.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Ladislas d'Orcy: D'Orcy's airship manual; an international register of airships with a compendium of the airship's elementary mechanics. The Century Co., New York 1917, p. 55. (online at archive.org ; accessed October 7, 2016)
↑ ^a ^b www.earlyaeroplanes.com: Photo of PL 5 with description of the image ( Memento from June 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
↑ D. Haaland, HG Knäusel, G. Schmidt, J. Seifert: Lighter than air - balloons and airships. (= Deutsche Luftfahrt. Volume 26). Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Bonn 1997, ISBN 3-7637-6114-4 , p. 188.
↑ Seve Unger Mark: Airships: Misconceptions and Myths First Part of Three. (Version 3.10 updated on February 9th, 2005 at 2355 Zulu / UTC) ( Memento from December 10, 2005 in the Internet Archive )

Web links

Commons : Parseval airships - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

The first Austrian military steering balloon. - Takeover and test flights of the Austrian Parsival I. - Flight over Vienna .. In: Allgemeine Automobil-Zeitung , 10th year, No. 49 Volume II., December 5, 1909, SS 1–15 (online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / aaz

[Dorcy_107-113-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Ladislas d 'Orcy: D'Orcy's airship manual; an international register of airships with a compendium of the airship's elementary mechanics. The Century Co., New York 1917, pp. 107-113. (online at archive.org ; accessed October 6, 2016)

[2] J. Bleibler: Starrluftschiffprojekte in Germany 1908 to 1914. In: W. Meighörner (Ed.): Airships that were never built. Friedrichshafen 2002, ISBN 3-86136-076-4 , p. 39.

[Dorcy_55-3] Ladislas d'Orcy: D'Orcy's airship manual; an international register of airships with a compendium of the airship's elementary mechanics. The Century Co., New York 1917, p. 55. (online at archive.org ; accessed October 7, 2016)

[earlyPL5-4] www.earlyaeroplanes.com: Photo of PL 5 with description of the image ( Memento from June 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )

[5] D. Haaland, HG Knäusel, G. Schmidt, J. Seifert: Lighter than air - balloons and airships. (= Deutsche Luftfahrt. Volume 26). Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Bonn 1997, ISBN 3-7637-6114-4 , p. 188.

[6] Seve Unger Mark: Airships: Misconceptions and Myths First Part of Three. (Version 3.10 updated on February 9th, 2005 at 2355 Zulu / UTC) ( Memento from December 10, 2005 in the Internet Archive )