Pavle (Patriarch)
Pavle ( Serbian - Cyrillic Павле , civic Gojko Stojčević ; born August 29 . Jul / 11. September 1914 . Greg in Kućanci in Donji Miholjac , Slavonia , Austria-Hungary ; † 15. November 2009 in Belgrade , Serbia ) from 1990 to on his death the Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci , Archbishop of Peć and the 44th Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church .
As patriarch, Pavle campaigned for the democratization of Serbia, which should also enable the Serbian Orthodox Church to work without restrictions. Pavle only supported the nationalist opposition at the time and the exiled potential Serbian heir to the throne, Aleksandar Karađorđević , who advocates the reintroduction of the monarchy.
With reference to the Serbs in Croatia during the Croatian war, Pavle demanded not only the improvement of their situation and the protection of minorities , but the unification of all "Serbian territories". He was thus one of the most important supporters for the establishment of a Greater Serbia and, according to critics, also contributed to the escalation of the conflict.
Life
Career
Young Gojko lost his parents at an early age. His father went to the USA as a guest worker , returned sick and died when Gojko was three years old. Gojko's mother soon suffered the same fate. From then on he lived with his aunt. Because of his physical weakness, his aunt spared him any hard physical labor and took care of his school education. He attended high school in Tuzla and then, with the influence of his family, the theological school in Sarajevo . In 1936 he began his medical (broken off because of the Second World War) and theological studies in Belgrade . He worked as a construction worker to support himself, which affected his health. When the Second World War broke out, a school friend brought him to a monastery, where he stayed until the end of the war. Here Gojko got to know the monastic life. He also worked as a religion teacher for refugee children. During this time he fell ill with tuberculosis and the doctors gave him only a short time to live. He survived the disease and became a monk in 1946 by the name Pavle.
From 1950 Pavle taught at the theological college in Prizren . 1955 to 1957 he completed postgraduate studies in Athens . In 1957 he was ordained bishop of the Raszien-Prizren eparchy . At the same time he continued to work as a professor at the theological college in Prizren.
Patriarchal election
In 1990 he was elected Patriarch of the Orthodox Church in Serbia and its subordinate churches. Initially acted as an outsider, he only became one of the three candidates for the patriarchal office in the ninth preselection. Bishops Sava and Stefan were elected as additional candidates each time. According to the electoral code of the Orthodox Church, three candidates must first be elected for the patriarchal office, after which the “apostolic type of election” begins. H. the actual choice of patriarchs. This works in such a way that three envelopes with the names of the candidates are placed in an urn and then a name is drawn. The abbot Antonije drew an envelope, and the oldest bishop, Metropolitan Vladislav, read the name of the new patriarch: Pavle.
Act as a patriarch
No sooner had he been elected patriarch than he saw the fall of Yugoslavia and the resulting Yugoslav wars. Pavle's support, particularly on the Serbian side, was criticized even though he publicly spoke out against war and violence. He was also accused of being close to Radovan Karadžić .
Even as bishop Pavle headed the commission of the Holy Synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church for the new translation of the New Testament . This was published in 1984.
In 1993 he established the Academy of Arts and Conservation in Belgrade.
During his tenure, the theological colleges were founded in Cetinje in 1992 and in Kragujevac in 1997, as well as the theological academy in Foča in 1994.
After the turning point in Serbia after October 5, 2000, Pavle publicly called on the population several times to take part in elections, as he is doing. He was said to be close to Zoran Đinđić , Boris Tadić and Vojislav Koštunica , which was criticized by right and left parties. Patriarch Pavle advocated a “deideological democracy”; H. free from political ideologies.
In October 2008, the then 94-year-old Pavle submitted a request to the synod to dismiss him from active service. The Synod did not accept the request for the time being, and a representative was appointed to assist the Patriarch. In recent years, Pavle has not been able to carry out all of his duties as patriarch due to his old age and the diseases that result.
Quotes
- “The areas where the Serbian people have lived for centuries [...] must not remain within any kind of independent Croatia. Rather, they must find themselves under one roof together with today's Serbia and all Serbian krajinas . ”- in a letter to the EC mediator Lord Carrington in October 1991.
- "If I had the choice between a big Serbia, which is bad, and a small Serbia, which is good, then I choose little Serbia." - when asked whether he supported the idea of a Greater Serbia.
- “I don't want a car as long as every Albanian and Serbian household in Kosovo doesn't have one.” - when asked why every bishop of the Serbian Orthodox Church has a company car while he uses public transport.
Works
His writings include a .:
- Pitanja i odgovori čtecu pred preoizvodstvom , 1988
- Devič, manastir Svetog Joanikija Devičkog (Devič, the Monastery of St. John of Devič), 1989
- Molitve i molbe (Prayers and Requests), 1990
- Da nam budu jasnija neka pitanja naše vere, I, II, III ( So that we can understand some questions of our faith, I, II, III), 1998
He is also the co-author of numerous liturgical books and publications.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Goran Bandov: The position of the religious communities in the Serbian-Croatian conflict in the 1990s . In: Ines-Jacqueline Werkner, Antonius Liedhegener (Hrsg.): Just War - Just Peace: Religions and the legitimation of peace ethics in current military conflicts . Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-3-531-91706-1 , pp. 202 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ A b Klaus Buchenau: Belated disenchantment: The Serbian Orthodox Church in the Kosovo conflict 1960-1999 . Eastern European Institute of the Free University of Berlin, 1999, p. 29 .
- ^ The press: Diadochi dispute in Serbia's church: Who will be a patriarch?
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| German |
Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church 1990–2009 |
Irinej |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pavle |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gojko Stojčević |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Serbian Patriarch, Metropolitan of Belgrade and Karlovci, Archbishop of Peć |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 11, 1914 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kućanci at Donji Miholjac |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 15, 2009 |
| Place of death | Belgrade |