Amur sleeper goby
| Amur sleeper goby | ||||||||||||
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Amur sleeper goby ( Perccottus glenii ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Perccottus | ||||||||||||
| Dybowski , 1877 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Perccottus glenii | ||||||||||||
| Dybowski, 1877 |
The Amur sleeper goby or Amur goby ( Perccottus glenii ) ( Russian рота́н rotan ) is a freshwater fish from the tooth sleeper goby family .
features
The Amur sleeper goby reaches a length of 14 to 25 cm and a maximum weight of 250 g. She has no barbels and no sideline channel . The pelvic fins have not grown together to form a suction disk . Male Amur sleeper gobies are blackish with a green tinge at mating season and show bright green dots on the trunk and on the unpaired fins as well as a hump on the neck.
- Fin formula : dorsal 1 vi – viii, dorsal 2 ii – iii / 8–12, anals I – III / 7–10.
The dorsal fin is without spine rays.
Way of life
The Amur sleeper goby lives in stagnant waters such as lakes, ponds, oxbow lakes and swamps with dense vegetation and even avoids slowly flowing water. It tolerates low-oxygen water and is able to withstand a drying out of the water or a complete freezing over in winter buried in the ground. Amur sleeper gobies live as predatory fish on larvae (especially tadpoles ), small crustaceans, other invertebrates and fish, and cannibalism can also occur. In a small, closed pond, the Amur sleeper goby is able to wipe out the entire fish population and all amphibian larvae.
Sexual maturity occurs at the age of one to three years with a body length of 6 cm. The mating season is in May and June. The elongated eggs (3.8 × 1.3 mm) are placed near the water surface on roots, leaves or other substrates at a water temperature of 15 to 20 ° C and adhere with sticky threads. The clutch is guarded by the male until the pelagic larvae hatch.
distribution
The natural occurrence of the fish is in the Amur Basin in the Far East of Russia and in northeastern China as well as in northern Korea.
Neozoon
The Amur sleeper goby was introduced to other areas of Russia by humans. In 1912, some specimens were first brought to St. Petersburg to be kept in an aquarium and released in fish ponds four years later. From there the species spread to the surrounding area. Where it did not reach further areas via the river systems, the Amur sleeper goby was also transported by aquarists and deliveries of live fish from Asia for fish farming and aquaculture . It was established in Europe in Belarus (since the 1970s), in Ukraine (since the 1980s), in Lithuania (1985), Poland (1993), Latvia (1996), Hungary (1997), Slovakia (1998), detected in the wild in Romania (2001), Serbia (2003), Bulgaria (2005), Estonia (2005), Moldova (2005) and Croatia (2008). The populations were established a few years earlier. In 1997 the Amur sleeper goby reached the Danube for the first time . Since 2014, a natural occurrence in the Charlottenhofer Weiher area in Bavaria has been confirmed, 500 kilometers west of the previous distribution limit in Hungary and Poland. The occurrence of the Amur sleeper goby in fish ponds in this area has been known since 2003. The Amur sleeper goby was spread in this area via these fish ponds, which are drained at regular intervals into the Naab river system , a tributary of the Danube in its upper reaches.
The Amur sleeper goby was added to the list of invasive alien species of Union-wide importance for the European Union in 2016.
Web links
- Amur sleeper goby on Fishbase.org (English)
- P. glenii Dybowski, 1877 - головешка-ротан at the AN Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Ministry for Sustainability and Tourism : Neobiota-Austria: Perccottus glenii - Amurgrundel. In: neobiota-austria.at. Retrieved October 31, 2018 .
- ↑ Neobiota: Perccottus glenii. In: neobiota.bfn.de. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation , accessed on October 31, 2018 .
- ↑ Position paper on fisheries and fish species protection. In: lbv.de. State Association for Bird Protection in Bavaria , accessed on October 31, 2018 .
- ↑ a b Stefan Nehring & Jürgen Steinhof: First records of the invasive Amur sleeper, Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877 in German freshwaters: a need for realization of effective management measures to stop the invasion. BioInvasions Records, 4, 3, pp. 223–232, 2015 doi : 10.3391 / bir.2015.4.3.12
- ↑ P. Jurajda: A first record of Perccottus glenii (Perciformes: Odontobutidae) in the Danube River in Bulgaria . In: Acta Zool. Bulg. tape 58 , no. 2 , 2006, p. 279–282 ( ivb.cz [PDF]). A first record of Perccottus glenii (Perciformes: Odontobutidae) in the Danube River in Bulgaria ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ TO Reshetnikov & UK Schliewen: First record of the invasive alien fish rotan Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877 (Odontobutidae) in the Upper Danube drainage (Bavaria, Germany) . In: Journal of Applied Ichthyology . tape 29 , 2013, p. 1367-1369 , doi : 10.1111 / jai.12256 .
- ↑ List of Invasive Alien Species of Union Concern (PDF) accessed on July 15, 2016
