Peru capuchin monkey
| Peru capuchin monkey | ||||||||||||
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A Peruvian capuchin monkey photographed near Puerto Maldonado |
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| Cebus cuscinus | ||||||||||||
| Thomas , 1901 |
The Peruvian Capuchin Monkey ( Cebus cuscinus , Syn . : C. flavescens cuscinus , Cebus albifrons cuscinus ) is a primate species from the family of the Capuchin-like , which occurs in southern Peru and northern Bolivia. The distribution area is not known in its exact limits and lies roughly between the southern bank of the upper reaches of the Rio Purus in the north, extends to the west into the valley of the Río Urubamba and to the south to the Río Madre de Dios in northern Bolivia and possibly extends to the Brazilian state of Acre .
features
The Peruvian capuchin monkey reaches a weight of 2.8 to 3 kg, has a head-trunk length of 39 to 46 cm and a 39 to 47.5 cm long tail. Its fur is longer and silky than that of other capuchin monkeys. On the back it is yellow-brown to ocher in front and yellow-brown on the back. The legs are brownish and contrast less with the rest of the coat than in most other capuchin monkeys. The outer sides of the upper arms are brown, those of the forearms are reddish orange. Wrists and hands are darker. The front shoulder region and the inner sides of the forearms are whitish.
Way of life
Peru capuchin monkeys live in groups of around 15 animals in which the sex ratio is roughly the same. They occur in rainforests that are not periodically flooded (terra firme forest), in seasonally flooded Várzea forests and in the eastern Andes also in mountain rainforests up to an altitude of 1,800 meters. They are mainly found in the upper and middle floors of large trees with a crown diameter of 20 to 50 meters, but they also go to the ground to forage. The districts are relatively large, on average more than 150 hectares. There is no core zone in which they prefer to stay, they tend to live nomadically and cover an average of 1500 to 2000 meters per day. When two groups of Peruvian Capuchin monkeys meet at a distance of 100 meters or less, they usually move away in opposite directions. If this does not happen, try to intimidate the other group with loud shouts. During their migrations, Peruvian capuchin monkeys often encounter troops of the Bolivian squirrel monkey ( Saimiri boliviensis ) and form mixed groups with them for a short time. The squirrel monkeys generally move ahead of the Peruvian capuchin monkeys. The groups separate again before nightfall. Among the predators of the Peru-capuchin monkeys include Harpyie , the Würgadler ( Morphnus guianensis ), the Elster Adler ( Spizastur melanoleucus ) LEOPARDUS as the Ozelot that tayra and snakes. Male Peruvian capuchin monkeys hate ground-dwelling predators and give warning sounds ; if they notice birds of prey , they hide like females and young animals.
nutrition
Fruits and insects, especially hymenoptera , grasshoppers and butterflies , make up the main component of the diet. In the rainy season, fruits make up 99% of the plant-based food consumed, in the dry season it is only slightly more than half. Then they spend many hours on the ground looking for palm seeds. Most popular are seeds that are infected by seed beetle larvae but still contain enough nutritious endosperm . This is checked by shaking the seeds. In contrast to the large-headed capuchin monkey ( Sapajus macrocephalus ), which occurs in the same area, the Peruvian capuchin monkey cannot crack the hard seeds of the Astrocaryum palm trees. The fruits most eaten are figs. In addition, pith , vegetable tissue , leaf stalks and other seeds complete the diet during the dry season. When searching for animal food, Peruvian capuchin monkeys are far less destructive than the great-headed capuchin monkeys, which repeatedly damage plants. Fruits are mainly eaten in the morning after waking up and in the late afternoon before dawn, while the rest of the day mainly looking for animal food.
Danger
The IUCN lists the Peruvian capuchin monkeys as potentially endangered (Near threatened). The distribution area is relatively small and affected by intensive deforestation. The Peruvian capuchin monkey is found in some nature reserves, such as the Manú National Park in Peru and the Madidi National Park in Bolivia.
literature
- Anthony B. Rylands, Russell A. Mittermeier, Bruna M. Bezerra, Fernanda P. Paim & Helder L. Queiroz: Family Cebidae (Squirrel Monkeys and Capuchins). Pages 407 to 408 in Russell A. Mittermeier , Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson : Handbook of the Mammals of the World: - Volume 3. Primates. Lynx Editions, 2013 ISBN 978-8496553897
Web links
- Cebus cuscinus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: de la Torre, S., Morales, AL, Link, A. Palacios, E. & Stevenson, P., 2008. Accessed June 23, 2015.