Unheated capuchins

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Unheated capuchins
Peru capuchin monkey (Cebus cuscinus)

Peru capuchin monkey ( Cebus cuscinus )

Systematics
Subordination : Dry- nosed primates (Haplorrhini)
Partial order : Monkey (anthropoidea)
without rank: New World Monkey (Platyrrhini)
Family : Capuchins (Cebidae)
Subfamily : Capuchin monkey (Cebinae)
Genre : Unheated capuchins
Scientific name
Cebus
Erxleben , 1777

The uncrowned capuchins ( Cebus ) are a primate genus from the group of the New World monkeys . They are forest-dwelling, omnivorous animals that live in groups. Unheated capuchins are found in Central and Northern South America. Their distribution area extends from Honduras to the Amazon basin .

features

Bare capuchins are medium-sized primates weighing around 2 to 3 kg for females and 3 to 4 kg for males. The trunk is slim, the front and rear limbs are approximately the same length. The fingers are short and the thumb is opposable , which makes these primates very skilled at hand. The tail can be grasped, but is not a fully developed grasping tail with a hairless skin area, as occurs in the spotted monkeys. The color of the fur is variable, mostly the trunk is kept in brown or black tones.

Cebus skull front view 2.JPGSkull of a brown capuchin ( Cebus olivaceus ) with the typical missing crest Sapajus skull front view.JPGcompared to the skull of Sapajus robustus with a typical of the genus Sapajus formed crown comb

From Sapajus ( Gehaubte Capuchins ), the second capuchin monkey species that Ungehaubten can Capuchins above all by the absence of the typical for the Gehaubten Capuchin tuft on the top of the head, the absence of their beards and longer compared to the Gehaubten Capuchins arms and legs can be distinguished. The latter gives the unhealed Capuchins an overall more graceful appearance. Other differences concern the skull morphology. They do not have a crest , which is present in all species of the genus Sapajus , but varies in size depending on the species. Their eye sockets are larger and wider, their aperture piriformis (the opening of the facial skull to the nasal cavity) is just as high as it is wide (in Sapajus, higher than it is wide). The zygomatic arch is graceful in the unhealed Capuchin and strongly developed in the hooded Capuchin. The canine teeth of the uncut capuchin are long and relatively thin, while those of the capuchin are short and robust.

Where hooded and hooded capuchins live together, this is especially the case in the Amazon basin, where hooded capuchins form larger groups and tend to live in the layer of low trees. Use of tools has not yet been observed in unheated Capuchins. In contrast, it is omnipresent in hooded capuchins that occur in drier habitats, but so far there is also no evidence of their congeners in rainforests.

Cebus brunneus
Distribution of eight species of the unhealed capuchin:
  • Venezuela capuchin monkey
  • Brown capuchin monkey
  • Kaapori capuchin monkey
  • White-fronted capuchin monkey
  • Marañon Capuchin Monkey
  • Peru capuchin monkey
  • Ecuador Capuchins
  • Spix capuchin monkey

    • species

    The genus of the unhealed capuchin is currently (January 2015) divided into 14 species.

    Systematics and evolution

    The genus Cebus was established in 1777 by the German scholar Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben , with the white-shouldered capuchin ( Cebus capucinus ) as a type .

    The last common ancestor of all capuchin monkeys probably lived in the late Miocene , about 6.2 million years ago. The unhealed Capuchins likely developed in the Amazon basin and from there spread towards Central America.

    literature

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ Cebus Erxleben, 1777 at ITIS
    2. ^ Russell A. Mittermeier , Anthony B. Rylands, Don E. Wilson : Primates. (= Handbook of the Mammals of the World. 3.). Lynx, Barcelona 2013, ISBN 978-84-96553-89-7 , pp. 406-413.

    Web links

    Commons : Unheaved Capuchins ( Cebus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files