Philip I (Nassau-Saarbrücken-Weilburg)

Philip I, drawing of the grave slab from Heinrich Dors' book of epitaphs

Philip I of Nassau-Saarbrücken-Weilburg (* around 1368 in Weilburg ; † July 2, 1429 in Wiesbaden ) was Count of Nassau-Weilburg and of Nassau-Saarbrücken .

Life

He was the second son of Count Johann I von Nassau-Weilburg and Countess Johanna von Saarbrücken-Commercy .

On September 20, 1371, he took over his father's legacy as Count of Nassau-Weilburg. As he was still a minor, his mother took over government until she died in 1381. From then on, the Strasbourg bishop Friedrich von Blankenheim took over the guardianship of Philip. With the death of his grandfather Johann II von Saarbrücken-Commercy in 1381, Philipp inherited the Saarbrücken possessions, which were thereby united with the Nassau rule. Around 1385 he came of age. He was given the fiefs over the county of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1383), the rule of Commercy (1384) and in the Kurtrierischen areas (1393), which belonged to the property of his first wife Anna von Hohenlohe-Weikersheim. After the death of their grandfather, Heinrich II von Sponheim-Bolanden (1393), his dominions Kirchheim and Stauf also came to him and remained in the possession of the House of Nassau until the end of the feudal period .

In the city ​​war from 1387-1389 , Philip took part on the side of the southern German princes under the leadership of the dukes of Bavaria against the Swabian League of Cities . For his participation in the Battle of Döffingen he received the knighthood in 1388 . Through his commitment, he gained influence in southern Germany and was able to get in touch with different people. In 1398 King Wenceslas granted him the right to mint . This was combined with an economic consolidation of his rule, which he pushed forward on the legal side by introducing land law in the County of Saarbrücken.

At the same time, Wenzel made him chairman and captain for peace on the Rhine and in the Wetterau . With his cousin Johann II von Nassau , Philip intervened in imperial politics by participating in the deposition of Wenzel, whose successor Ruprecht he sponsored, in order to later operate his deposition again. At the coronation of his successor, Sigismund , he took part in Aachen as a guest. This made him councilor and captain of the knighthood in Luxembourg . With this, Philipp linked his loyalty to Sigismund and terminated the common policy with his cousin Johann. At the Council of Constance he proved to be a partisan of the king against papal policies.

Philipp also maintained contacts with France. At the French court he was royal councilor. The descendants of Philip ruled the county of Saarbrücken for four centuries.

Philipp was buried in the Klarenthal monastery near Wiesbaden . His tomb was destroyed in a fire in 1850.

Marriages and offspring

In 1387, Philipp married Anna von Hohenlohe-Weikersheim († October 11, 1410), daughter of Kraft von Hohenlohe-Weikersheim and Elisabeth von Sponheim-Bolanden. He had two children with her:

• Philip (1388-1416)
• Johanna († February 1, 1481) ⚭ Count Georg I von Henneberg-Römhild (* 1395; † July 25, 1465)

Philip entered into a second marriage in 1412 with Elisabeth of Lorraine . From this marriage there were three children:

• Philip (1418–1492)
• Johann (1423–1472)
• Margarethe (1426–1490) ⚭ 1441 Gerhard von Rodemachern

In addition, Philip fathered three illegitimate children:

• Philip of Nassau
• Grete († 1437)
• Heintzchen from Nassau

literature

• Friedrich Otto :  Philipp I. (Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken-Weilburg) . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 26, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, pp. 10-12.
• Friederich Köllner : History of the former Nassau-Saarbrück'schen country and its regents, Vol. 1: History of the counts and princes of Saarbrück (Saarbrücker reprints; Vol. 1). Saarbrücker Zeitung, Saarbrücken 1981, ISBN 3-922807-02-X , pp. 169–199 (reprint of the Saarbrücken edition 1841, digitized version )
• Peter Neumann (Ed.): Saarländische Lebensbilder, Vol. 3 . Saarbrücker Verlag, Saarbrücken 1986, ISBN 3-925036-05-9 , pp. 11-42.

Web links

• Philip I in the Saarland biographies

Individual evidence

1. ^ "Nassau, Anna Countess of". Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
2. ↑ Historical website on Dannenfels and the Sponheim-Bolanden family ( memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

predecessor	Office	successor
Johann I.	Count of Nassau-Weilburg 1371–1429	Philip II
	Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken 1381–1429	Johann II.