Philip II (Baden-Baden)
Margrave Philip II of Baden (born February 19, 1559 in Baden-Baden , † June 17, 1588 in Baden-Baden) was regent of the margraviate of Baden-Baden from 1571 to 1588 .
Life
Philipp was the son of the Protestant Margrave Philibert of Baden and the Catholic Mechthild of Bavaria . Philip's father, Philibert, died early in October 1569 in the battle of Moncontour . As a result, the 10-year-old Philipp and his sister Jakobe von Baden , who was one year older than him , were raised Catholic by his uncle Albrecht V of Bavaria . At the University of Ingolstadt he came into contact with the Counter Reformation. His father had assured his subjects religious freedom, but after the death of Margrave Philibert this freedom was increasingly restricted by the widow and his son, who was strongly influenced by his Catholic upbringing. Already at the time of the regency by his uncle and guardian Duke Albrecht V was in the years 1570/71 again Catholic rite in the Margraviate of Baden-Baden introduced. After taking up his government business, the new margrave first ordered all Baden-Baden citizens to attend church services ; violations were subject to severe punishment.
Philip had the New Palace demolished first and in 1579 built a new, more magnificent palace in the style of the High Renaissance on the same site , thereby increasing his debts considerably. An inventory in 1582 revealed a mountain of debt of 200,000 guilders in addition to 218 musical instruments . He tried to reduce these debts by restructuring the business and increasing taxes. So it came about that the economy became more and more like a planned economy .
A less glorious chapter in the history books is the witch hunt under the young margrave. The first witch burnings occurred under the tutelage of Bavaria, but these increased sharply with the reign of young Philip. The last witch hunt under Philip II took place in 1580. During this witch burning , 18 women in the offices of Rastatt , Baden-Baden and Kuppenheim lost their lives.
When Philipp died at the age of 29, he left no descendants, so that his cousin Eduard Fortunat succeeded him and inherited the branch line of the Rodemacher. His body is buried in the collegiate church in Baden-Baden .
literature
- Albert Krieger : Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, pp. 759-761.
- Johann Christian Sachs : Introduction to the history of the Marggravschaft and the Marggravial old princely house of Baden . tape 3 . Lotter, Carlsruhe 1769, p. 249–264 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Philibert |
Margrave of Baden-Baden 1569–1588 |
Eduard Fortunat |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Philip II |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Baden, Philip II of (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Margrave of Baden-Baden |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 19, 1559 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Baden-Baden |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 17, 1588 |
| Place of death | Baden-Baden |