Pierre Brissot

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Pierre Brissot (Latinized Petrus Brissatus) (* 1478 in Fontenay-le-Comte , Poitou , † 1522 in Lisbon ) was a French physician.

Brissot was Professor of Philosophy and Medicine at the Medical Faculty in Paris . He became famous for the bloodletting dispute , a violent controversy among European doctors of the 16th century that took place within the framework of views against Arabism and Galenism, which flared up when Brissot, contrary to the doctrine of the time, advocated bloodletting as close as possible to be carried out on the diseased organ ( revulsion against derivation like the Arabs). In particular, he represented this in the case of breast and pneumonia, in which he was able to gain experience with his method during an epidemic in 1514. He saw himself confirmed in this by the teaching of Hippocrates , which deviated from the school opinion - the opposite opinion was only represented by the Arabs. His opponents had his method banned by the Parlement of Paris and he then went to Portugal .

The dispute divided the European medical profession. On the side of Brissot were among others the Professor Curtius in Bologna († 1544), Johannes Manardus (1482-1536), Geronimo Mercuriali (1530-1616) and Vallesius († 1598), the personal physician Philip II of Spain . Among the prominent opponents were Andreas Thurinus, the personal physician of Popes Clement VII and Paul III. , Ludwig Panizza in Mantua , Caesar Optatus in Venice , Professor Vittorius in Bologna († 1510), Trincavella (1496–1568), Diomedes Cornarus (1467–1566), Maria Santo di Barteletta, Monardus, Augenius (Orazio Augenio, 1527– 1603), Altomare († 1566). Doctors like Leonhart Fuchs , Andreas Vesalius and Drivere (Thriverius Brachelius, † 1554, professor in Leuven ) played a mediating role in the heated argument.

His main work is the Apology ( Apologetica disceptatio, qua docetur, per quae loca sanguis mitti debeat in viscerum inflammationibus, praesertim in pleuritide ), which was published after his death by a friend in 1525, in which he describes his method against attacks by the Portuguese royal physician Dionysius defends. The book only appeared after his death - he died of dysentery in 1522 - and was published by his friend Luceus. The argument continued with constant violence after his death. The University of Salamanca was called , but it decided in favor of Brissot, and the Emperor Charles V , with whom the representatives of the traditional method were unsuccessful either, because an acquaintance of the emperor who was sick with breast inflammation and who, according to Art the Arab blew, died. The dispute dragged on until the end of the 16th century.

source

  • H. Haeser textbook on the history of medicine and endemic diseases , Volume 1, Jena 1853
  • Michael Benedikt Lessing Handbook of the History of Medicine , Volume 1, 1838
  • Emil Isensee history of medicine and its auxiliary sciences , part 1, Berlin 1840, p. 289

literature

  • Ernst Julius Gurlt , August Hirsch : Biographical lexicon of outstanding doctors of all times and peoples. Volume 1. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Vienna / Leipzig 1884, p. 578.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Baader : Medical reform thinking and Arabism in Germany in the 16th century. In: Sudhoff's archive. Volume 63, 1979, pp. 261-296.
  2. ^ Paris 1525, many other editions, most recently by R. Moreau in Paris 1622 with a biography of Brissot
  3. ↑ According to Publication, Gruber General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts , Leipzig 1823, article bleeding , a prince from the House of Savoy, who died in 1525. Before that Charles V was inclined to forbid Brissot's method
personal data
SURNAME Brissot, Pierre
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French medic
DATE OF BIRTH 1478
PLACE OF BIRTH Fontenay-le-Comte
DATE OF DEATH 1522
Place of death Lisbon