Pierre Montet

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Pierre Montet (right)

Jean Pierre Marie Montet (born June 27, 1885 in Villefranche-sur-Saône , † June 18, 1966 in Paris ) was a French archaeologist .

Life

From 1905 Montet studied Egyptology with Victor Loret in Lyon . In 1910 he came to Egypt as a scholarship holder of the Institut français d'archéologie orientale . There he took part in excavations in Abu Roasch , Assiut and Beni Hassan . Together with the geologist Jules Barthoux (Jules Couyat-Barthoux; 1881-1965) he then undertook an expedition to Wadi Hammamat , where he recorded numerous rock inscriptions. The results of the expedition were published in 1912.

At the beginning of the First World War , Montet was drafted into military service. During this time he was mainly stationed in the Middle East. After the war ended, he was appointed professor of Egyptology at the University of Strasbourg in 1919. Between 1920 and 1924 he led excavations in the Phoenician port city of Byblos - an important trading partner of Egypt since the Old Kingdom . There he discovered some royal tombs, as well as some untouched graves from the time of the Middle Kingdom , which contained rich additions (especially Egyptian objects). Among the finds was the famous Ahiram sarcophagus , which bore the oldest known alphabetical inscription up to that point .

In 1928 he began extensive excavations in Tanis in the Nile Delta , which lasted until 1956. On February 27, 1939, he found the robbed grave of Osorkon II. In the further course of the excavation season he uncovered the grave of Psusennes I (a king of the 21st dynasty ) in 1939 and the following year, which also contains the sarcophagi of the Pharaohs Scheschonq II. And Amenemope from the 22nd Dynasty were located. The tomb was spared from robbers and contained treasures that were in no way inferior to those from the tomb of Tutankhamun ( KV62 ) in the Valley of the Kings . The Second World War , which broke out during the excavation period, prevented this find from gaining the same level of public awareness. So Montet had to interrupt the excavations in May 1940 and could only start again in April 1945. He wrongly identified Tanis with the ancient capital of Ramses II , Pi-Ramesse .

In 1948 he was appointed professor at the Collège de France and in 1953 accepted into the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres , of which he was president in 1963. In the same year he was president of the Institut de France . Montet died on June 18, 1966.

Fonts

  • Les inscriptions hiéroglyphiques et hiératiques du Ouâdi Hammâmât (1912), together with Jules Couyat
  • Les scènes de la vie privée dans les tombeaux égyptienes de l'ancien empire (1925)
  • Byblos et l'Égypte: quatre campagnes de fouilles à Gebeil; 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924 (1928)
  • Les nouvelles fouilles de Tanis (1929-1932) (1933)
  • Les reliques de l'art syria dans l'Égypte du nouvel empire (1937)
  • Le Tombeau de Ti (1937)
  • Tanis. Douze années de fouilles dans une capitale oubliée du delta egyptien (1942)
  • La vie quotidienne en Egypt au temps des Ramsès. XIIIe-XIIe siècles avant J.-C (1946) ( La vie quotidienne )
  • La Nécropole royale de Tanis
    • Les Constructions et le tombeau d'Osorkon II à Tanis (1947)
    • Les Constructions et le tombeau de Psousennès à Tanis (1951)
    • Les Constructions et le tombeau de Chéchang III a Tanis (1960)
  • Geographie de l'Egypte ancienne
    • 1st part. To-Mehou: la Basse Egypte (1957) ( PDF; 11.2 MB )
    • 2nd game. To-chemâ: la Haute Egypte (1961) ( PDF; 11.0 MB )
  • L'Égypte et la Bible (1959)

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Montet, Pierre
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Montet, Jean Pierre Marie (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French Egyptologist
DATE OF BIRTH June 27, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Villefranche-sur-Saône
DATE OF DEATH June 18, 1966
Place of death Paris