Pioneers in Ingolstadt

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Pioneers in Ingolstadt is a comedy in fourteen pictures by Marieluise Fleißer . There are three versions, written in 1928, 1929 and 1968.

The young maids Berta and Alma are looking for love, but cannot find love with the Küstriner soldiers who are temporarily stationed in Ingolstadt while a wooden bridge is being built.

time and place

The comedy takes place in Ingolstadt in 1926.

Version from 1968

The 17-year-old inhibited, lanky Fabian Unertl wants a relationship with Berta, the maid in his father's house. But Berta gets involved with Korl Lettner, one of the pioneers commanded to Ingolstadt . First of all, the virgin fends off Korl's brisk approach. The soldier, experienced in dealing with young girls, simply goes his way. Berta runs after him.

Fabian gets to know the sergeant in the beer tent . The sergeant is outraged because Berta runs to Korl and doesn't stay with Fabian. So the boss shows his power. He harassed his subordinate Korl under the disapproving gaze of the civilians present.

Berta stands by Korl. This warns the virgin. Whoever loves him must suffer. The woman is devastated by him . Berta has no objection.

In drastic turns, Fabian's father, the businessman Unertl , makes it clear to his subordinate maid, Berta, that she shouldn't get involved sexually with a soldier. Fabian distances himself from his father's insulting statements. After Berta was deflowered by Korl , she had to find out from third parties that Korl was a father and had several wives.

The humiliations never end. Fabian is locked in a barrel by the soldiers. He is supposed to reveal the names of wood thieves, but keeps tight. After he was released, he witnessed failure to provide assistance with fatal consequences: the sergeant died in an accident at work near the Danube in the Danube. The soldiers stand around idly while the sergeant drowns. At least Korl, harassed by the sergeant, has a motive for omitting.

The unemployed Alma, who was involved with the soldiers, was disappointed, as was Berta. Alma agrees with Fabian: The soldiers are not nice people . So the new couple goes into the bushes together. Before the pioneers leave for Küstrin singing, Berta and Korl show their solidarity in front of everyone. Berta would have loved to have had love in the relationship, but her wish remains one-sided. Korl says: A love doesn't have to be there .

background

The new wooden walkway at the point from Pioneers in Ingolstadt

In May and June 1926, the 2nd Company of the 3rd (Prussian) Pioneer Battalion of the Reichswehr from Küstrin came to Ingolstadt for a five-week exercise and built a wooden walkway over the canal (" Künettegraben ") that belonged to the former state fortress of Ingolstadt , through which the Schutter in the Danube flows into it and separated the old town from the western quarter. The so-called "pioneer footbridge" still exists today, but was repaired or renewed in 1962, 1975 and 2009.

shape

The motto of the play about soldiers and maids could be: The stronger humiliates the weaker. Accordingly, a bitter undertone dominates. It was also reflected in the Fleißer language. This is succinct and deeply disillusioning.

Quote

"If you search, you will always find something." ()

Brecht

During the writing of the first two versions, the author was “supervised” by Brecht . According to his will, the piece shouldn't have a real plot, it has to be put together. It has to be a father and a son, it has to be a maid. The soldiers have to go for a walk with the girls, a sergeant has to harass them .

World premieres

  • First version: March 25, 1928 in the Dresden Comedy. Director: Renato Mordo . The premiere was a failure .
  • Second version: March 30, 1929 in the Theater am Schiffbauerdamm Berlin (directors: Jacob Geis and Bertolt Brecht). The performance ended in a theatrical scandal . Bertolt Brecht had intensified the play, among other things, the defloration of the maid took place in a rhythmically wobbling powder booth on the open stage. Fleißer was attacked by militarists and the right-wing press and referred to as "a worse Josephine Baker of the white race - in the thickest sexual primeval and monkey forest" and ostracized in her hometown of Ingolstadt as a polluter. Fleißer fell out with Brecht, who had left her alone with the consequences of the scandal "like a broom cupboard" ( Carl-Ludwig Reichert ).
  • Third version: February 1968 in the Action Theater Munich in an edited version under the name For example Ingolstadt (director: Rainer Werner Fassbinder ). Marieluise Fleißer learned from the newspaper that the piece was to be played in an edited version and initially wanted to prevent the performance from being performed. “I know that Rainer made a personal effort to get her to accept his processing. Peer Raben drove to her in Ingolstadt and invited her to the dress rehearsal. She then came along with Therese Giehse . They liked it. ”She agreed to a performance with a changed title.
  • Fourth version: March 1st, 1970 in the Residenztheater Munich (director: Niels-Peter Rudolph ).

Testimonials

  • 'Pioneers in Ingolstadt' is a play about the hopelessness of ordinary people .
  • The piece is just a finger exercise and not a successful one .
  • On the performance of the second version: Brecht moved Berta's defloration, which was supposed to take place backstage, in a crate covered with a rag that was allowed to wobble rhythmically .
  • Incidentally, Brecht was very fond of the piece, he never forgot it .
  • Regarding the 1968 version: The author wanted to write the piece again, just as it should have been .
  • The socio-critical influence of Brecht on me only becomes clear in my adaptation of 1968 .

reception

  • The Rote Fahne describes the piece as a couple of cheap blackberry antimilitarist pastries .
  • The Völkischer Beobachter still adds to the author in 1933: Holdem Frauenmund slip away from the crudest erotic meanness here .
  • According to McGowan , the comedy shows certain precursors to fascism .
  • Brecht is the piece the habits and customs in the innermost Bayern is .
  • According to Leiß and Stadler , the author seems to limit herself to perception and perception in the piece .
  • Führich states: Alma comes to terms with the pioneers and sells her body ... and hopes to be able to get by as a prostitute . At first, Berta accepts being oppressed by Korl. The reader can foresee that Berta will be left behind as a "fallen girl" .

filming

The piece was filmed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder and broadcast on television on May 19, 1971 (with Hanna Schygulla as Berta, Harry Baer as Korl, Irm Hermann as Alma, Rudolf Waldemar Brem as Fabian and Klaus Löwitsch as sergeant). For more information on the film, see Pioneers in Ingolstadt (film) .

Web link

literature

Text output

source

Secondary literature

  • Moray McGowan: Marieluise Diligent . Munich 1987. 173 pages, ISBN 3-406-30780-9
  • Günther Rühle (Ed.): Marieluise Fleißer: Collected works. Fourth volume. From the estate . 517. Frankfurt am Main 1989. 640 pages, ISBN 3-518-38777-4
  • Manfred Brauneck , Gérard Schneilin (Ed.): Theater Lexikon. Terms and epochs, stages and ensembles . Pp. 511-515. Reinbek 1992. 1138 pages, ISBN 3-499-55465-8
  • German literary history. Volume 9. Ingo Leiß and Hermann Stadler: Weimar Republic 1918-1933 . Pp. 136-138. Munich, February 2003. 415 pages, ISBN 3-423-03349-5
  • Angelika Führich: The feminine awakening in the drama of the Weimar Republic. Brecht - Fleißer - Horváth - Gmeyner. Pp. 72-83. Heidelberg 1992. Dissertation Uni Pennsylvania Pa. 1989, 118 pages, ISBN 3-533-04494-7
  • Gero von Wilpert : Lexicon of world literature. German Authors A - Z . S. 164. Stuttgart 2004. 698 pages, ISBN 3-520-83704-8

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b McGowan, p. 52
  2. ^ Bernhard Pehl: A bridge with a major role , Donaukurier from August 31, 2009
  3. ↑ Martin Adamczyk: Pioniersteg over Künettegraben will be renewed , Donaukurier from August 31, 2009
  4. ↑ Rühle p. 147
  5. ^ Rühle, first volume, p. 442
  6. ↑ Leiß, Stadler, p. 303
  7. ^ Advertisement for the performance in the Theater am Schiffbauerdamm , in which voices of praise are quoted. In: Vossische Zeitung , April 7, 1929.
  8. ↑ Interview with Irm Hermann , p. 49, in: The whole normal chaos , conversations about Rainer Werner Fassbinder, Henschel Verlag, Berlin, 1995, ISBN 3-89487-227-6
  9. ^ Rainer Werner Fassbinder , monograph, Michael Töteberg, Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag, Reinbek, 2002, ISBN 3-499-50458-8
  10. ^ Biography Marieluise Fleißer Dieter Wunderlich, DieterWunderlich.de, 2008
  11. ^ Rühle, fourth volume
  12. ^ McGowan, p. 57
  13. ^ Rühle, first volume, p. 446
  14. ↑ a b c Rühle, first volume, p. 447
  15. ↑ a b McGowan, p. 54
  16. ^ McGowan, p. 63
  17. ^ McGowan, p. 56
  18. ↑ Leiß and Stadler, p. 308
  19. ↑ Führich, p. 47
  20. ↑ Führich, p. 49