Plectasin
| Plectasin ( Pseudoplectania nigrella ) | ||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| Belt model according to PDB 3E7R | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 40 amino acids | |
| Precursor | (72 aa) | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name (s) | DEF | |
| External IDs | ||
| Transporter classification | ||
| TCDB | 1.C.47.2.1 | |
| designation | insectal / fungal defensins | |
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Invertebrates , mushrooms | |
Plectasin is a peptide belonging to the group of defensins , which has been proven in fungi and invertebrates and has an antibiotic effect. Functionally, it is a pore-forming protein .
Discovery and mode of action
As part of a study by the Danish company Novozymes , the peptide plectasin was discovered in 2001 in the fungus Pseudoplectania nigrella, which belongs to the cup-like order , and described in a publication in 2005 .
As a molecule with a pathogen- repellent effect, it is counted among the defensins and its chemical structure is similar to those found in spiders , scorpions , dragonflies and mussels . When its mode of action has now been clarified, it has been proven that it has two effects on defense against bacteria . On the one hand, it kills the pathogens by attaching itself to the cell wall component lipid II and thus preventing it from being built into new bacterial walls. After the infection, when the bacteria multiply, the build-up of new bacterial cell walls is considerably disrupted. On the other hand, it alarms and activates the immune system at the same time . Plectasin showed a particularly high effectiveness against pneumococci both in vitro and in an in vivo mouse infection model . Preclinical studies have also shown that multi-resistant bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus had significant difficulties in developing resistance to plectasin NZ2114 ( plectasin variant from Novozymes) . The researchers therefore see this active ingredient as a promising lead substance for new antibiotics .
literature
- Karoline Sidelmann Brinch1, Paul M. Tulkens et al .: Intracellular activity of the peptide antibiotic NZ2114: studies with Staphylococcus aureus and human THP-1 monocytes, and comparison with daptomycin and vancomycin. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , August 2010, Volume 65, Issue 8, pp. 1720-1724
Web links
- Plectasin: new weapon against highly resistant germs at organic-chemie.ch
Individual evidence
- ↑ InterPro entry
- ↑ Novozymes reveals knowledge on new antibiotic against resistant bacteria . In: Novozymes . May 28, 2010. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 28, 2010.
- ↑ a b Per H. Mygind1, Rikke L. Fischer et al .: Plectasin is a peptide antibiotic with therapeutic potential from a saprophytic fungu. Nature 437, vol 7061, 2005, pp. 975-80 doi : 10.1038 / nature04051
- ↑ a b c T. Schneider et al .: Plectasin, a Fungal Defensin, Targets the Bacterial Cell Wall, Precursor Lipid II. Science , May 28, 2010, Vol .: 328, No .: 5982, pp. 1168–1172, doi : 10.1126 / science.1185723
- ↑ D. Andes, W. Craig et al .: In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Characterization of a Novel Plectasin Antibiotic, NZ2114, in a Murine Infection Model. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , July 2009, Vol .: 53, No .: 7, pp. 3003-3009, doi : 10.1128 / AAC.01584-08
- ↑ Plectasin NZ2114 - Novel Microbial Agent . In: Drug Development Technology . Retrieved May 28, 2010.
- ↑ Kristensen, HH et al : In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Characterization of a Novel Plectasin Antibiotic, NZ2114, in a Murine Infection Model . In: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. . 53, No. 7, 2009, pp. 3003-3009. doi : 10.1128 / AAC.01584-08 . PMC 2704636 (free full text).
