Macrogol lauryl ether

General structural formula of macrogollauryl ethers

Macrogol lauryl ethers are surface-active substances from the group of polyalkylene glycol ethers . These are ethers of various polyethylene glycols (macrogols) with fatty alcohols , mainly lauryl alcohol .

Due to their surface-active properties, macrogol lauryl ethers are used as emulsifiers and solubilizers in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The type Macrogollaurylether 9 ( Polidocanol ) is used medicinally for the obliteration of varicose veins (varices), spider veins and hemorrhoidal diseases, for which it is injected into the corresponding tissue. Applied externally, it relieves itching.

properties

Chemical-physical properties

The degree of ethoxylation of a macrogollauryl ether determines its chemical-physical properties:

• Macrogol lauryl ethers with 3 to 5 EO units are colorless liquids and practically insoluble in water, soluble or dispersible in ethanol 96%, and practically insoluble in petroleum ether ; they are W / O emulsifiers.
• Macrogol lauryl ethers with 9 to 23 EO units are white, waxy masses and are soluble or dispersible in water, soluble in ethanol 96% and practically insoluble in petroleum ether; they act as O / W emulsifiers or solubilizers.

The nominal content of EO units is placed after the name as a number. The name ( INCI ) used in cosmetics for macrogol lauryl ethers is Laureth; thus, depending on the degree of ethoxylation, for example Laureth-4, Laureth-9 or Laureth-23.

Structural formula of macrogol lauryl ether 9 (polidocanol)

A particularly pure quality of macrogollauryl ether 9 for medicinal use - with an average fatty alkyl chain length of 10 to 14 carbon atoms and an average number of EO units of 7 to 11, corresponding to a relative molar mass of 400 for the polyoxyethylene part - is described under the name Lauromacrogol 400 (synonym or former name Polidocanol 600 or Polidocanol for short , trade name e.g. Thesit ) in the European Pharmacopoeia. Macrogol lauryl ether 9 melts at 24 ° C. into a colorless to yellowish, viscous liquid.

Pharmacological properties

Types such as macrogol lauryl ether 9 also have surface anesthetic local anesthetic properties.

use

medicine

For sclerotherapy of hemorrhoids or spider veins Lauromcrogol 400 (polidocanol) in 0.25 to 3% concentration in an ethanolic used -wässriger solution intravenously injected or submucosally. Lauromcrogol 400 damages the endothelium of the blood vessels. After the injection, a compression bandage is applied, whereby the damaged vein walls are pressed together. This prevents thrombus formation and the desired conversion into fibrous tissue and thus sclerosis takes place .

The substance for the recipe is very viscous to waxy.

In a three to five percent concentration, Lauromcrogol 400 is also used in dermatological formulations ( ointments , creams or gels ) to relieve pain and itching, for example in neurodermatitis , itchy dermatoses and eczema . It can also be combined with other drugs. Macrogol lauryl ethers are also used in finished medicinal products and medical skin care products.

Finished medicinal products

Monopreparations : Aethoxysklerol (D, A, CH), Anaesthesulf (D), Asclera (USA), Recessan (D, A), Sclerovein (CH),

Combination preparations : Acoin (D), Antidry calm (CH), Assan rem (CH), Balmed Hermal Plus (A, CH), Balneum Hermal Plus (D), Brand- und Wundgel (D), Dentalgin (A), Dentinox ( D, A), Eludril (CH), Lindosan (A), Linola Fett-N Oil Bath (D), Optiderm (D, A), Pruri-med (CH), Prurimix (A), Solcoseryl (D, A, CH ), Sportusal Emgel / Spray sine heparino (CH), Venucrem (CH), Vonum (A)

Cosmetics

Macrogollauryl ether ( INCI name: Laureth) such as Macrogollaurylether 9 ( Laureth-9 ) is used in rinse-off products such as shampoos and washing lotions in concentrations of up to 4% as a nonionic emulsifier and wetting agent. Because of the short skin contact before washing off, a local anesthetic effect is excluded. In leave-on preparations , i.e. preparations that remain on the skin for longer such as skin creams and lotions , macrogol lauryl ether is used in concentrations of up to 3%. It is controversial whether such concentrations have a local anesthetic effect and therefore, at least in long-term use, are not considered safe for consumers.

Cosmetic preparations

Aqueo Lotion (D), Hydrolotio sensitive (D), Hyposens Lotion (D), Polaneth Lotion (D), Thesit-Gel (D)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} European Pharmacopoeia Commission (Ed.): European Pharmacopoeia . tape 9 , 2017.
2. ↑ K. Hardtke et al. (Ed.): Commentary on the European Pharmacopoeia Ph. Eur. 4.0, Macrogollaurylether. Loose-leaf collection, 20th delivery 2005, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft Stuttgart.
3. ↑ External identifiers or database links to 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27-nonaoxanonatriacontan-1-ol : CAS number: 3055-99-0, EC number: 221- 284-4, ECHA InfoCard: 100.019.351 , PubChem : 656641 , ChemSpider : 23140 , DrugBank : DB06811 , Wikidata : Q377036 . ATC code: C05 BB02 .
4. ↑ Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Products (SCCP) on polidocanol (laureth-9) (PDF; 375 kB) of October 2, 2007.
5. ↑ Polidocanol in cosmetic products (PDF; 85 kB), opinion of the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) of October 15, 2003.
6. ↑ Request for a scientific opinion: Polidocanol CAS No 3055-99-0. EC No 221-284-4 Submission II (PDF; 10 kB) of January 21, 2011.

This article is about a health issue. It is not used for self-diagnosis and does not replace a diagnosis by a doctor. Please note the information on health issues !