Pont de l'île de Ré
Coordinates: 46 ° 10 ′ 18 ″ N , 1 ° 14 ′ 21 ″ W.
| Pont de l'île de Ré | ||
|---|---|---|
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| use | Road bridge | |
| Convicted | D 735 | |
| place | at La Rochelle | |
| construction | Prestressed concrete - box girder bridge | |
| overall length | 2926.5 m | |
| width | 15.5 m | |
| Number of openings | 29 | |
| Pillar spacing | 110 m | |
| height | 42 m | |
| start of building | 1987 | |
| completion | 1988 | |
| planner |
Michel Virlogeux , Charles Lavigne |
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| toll | subject to toll (CAP RE) | |
| location | ||
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The Pont de l'île de Ré connects the French mainland in the Charente-Maritime department with the Île de Ré , the fourth largest island in France (after Corsica , the Île d'Oléron and the Belle-Île ).
It is the second longest bridge in France after the Pont de Saint-Nazaire .
description
The Pont de l'île de Ré begins at La Rochelle between La Rochelle Airport and the La Pallice port district and leads the départementale D735 in an almost 3 km long bend and a height of up to 42 m to the headland Sablanceaux in Rivedoux- Plage on the Île de Ré .
The bridge is 2926.5 m long and 15.5 m wide. It has two lanes with narrow hard shoulders and, separated from the road by concrete barriers , a cycle path with marked driving directions on the north side and a sidewalk on the south side. The bridge is illuminated along its entire length. Water, electricity and telephone lines run inside the bridge.
Under four openings, the bridge has a clearance height of 30 m above high water , which was requested by the French Navy .
The track support is a prestressed concrete - hollow box construction with 29 fields and spans m (from the island to the mainland) of 37.20 + 56.40 + 83.20 + 24 × 100.00 + 71.80 + 37.90. The roadway girder is divided into a total of 6 continuous girders , which are separated from one another by expansion joints , 4 of which are 440.00 m long, one on the island with 456.80 m and one on the mainland with 709.70 m.
The single-cell hollow boxes have a trapezoidal cross-section with a variable overall height.
The pillars have a diameter of 5.50 m and a hollow cross-section. Your interior is connected to the sea water. They stand on a foundation plate above four concrete-filled bored piles each with a diameter of 2 m and driven at an incline of 20 ° up to 12 m deep into the ground. A total of 1,100 linear meters of these piles were built.
History, construction process
The bridge was a project of the Charente-Maritime department; the concept was developed by Michel Virlogeux , then head of the concrete bridge department at SETRA, who regularly worked with the architect Charles Lavigne on this bridge .
On September 23, 1986, the contract between the department and the Bouygues Construction company for the construction of the bridge was signed. In the first few months, the bored piles and the 28 piles of the bridge were built. To do this, Bouygues used an oil rig belonging to his daughter Bouygues Offshore , which was in use in Gabon , and two pontoons for the concrete mixers .
In the meantime, a roofed precast plant was set up on land right next to the bridge and the mobile scaffolding ( poutre de lancement ) developed, which Pierre Richard, the technical director of Bouygues, had developed. It was 285 m long and weighed 500 tons and could move on 2 × 12 twin tires, i.e. a total of 48 tires from the aircraft industry, at a speed of 2 m / min. It was long enough - supported on two pillars - to pick up two prefabricated segments at one end and lift them into place on either side of the next pillar until the center of the outer opening was reached and the inner opening was closed. Then the front scaffolding moved to the next pillar.
798 bridge segments with a weight of 65 - 130 t each and a length of around 3.67 m were produced in the factory, with two segments being concreted against each other. After hardening, one was put in the storage area, while the face of the other served as a form of form for the next segment.
The installation of the bridge segments began on July 20, 1987. The upscale segments were in place with epoxy glued and tendons at the cantilever arms of the cantilever construction anchored. On February 15, 1988, a date announced well in advance, the last segment was performed in front of a large audience.
On May 19, 1988, the Pont de l'île de Ré was officially opened.
toll
The use of the bridge by motorized vehicles was tolled from the start. Since 2012, the toll is no longer levied as a road or bridge usage fee, but as an eco tax to finance the CAP Ré program to protect and preserve the environment on the island.
Disputes
Long before it was built, the bridge was controversial between those who wanted to preserve the seclusion of the island, which is difficult to access, and those who found the traffic jams, which sometimes stretched for kilometers in the summer, and the laborious ferry service no longer reasonable. Some islanders tried to prevent the construction of the bridge through legal actions. The last of these proceedings were finally dismissed by the Bordeaux Higher Administrative Court in November 1990 - more than two years after the bridge was completed.
Tear in a tension cable
On September 14, 2018, it was announced that one of the 12 tension cables contained in each bridge arm was broken. Heavy goods traffic was then banned, and no further restrictions were initially imposed.
Web links
- Jean-Yves Gautier-Bret, Madame Didonato de la Semdas: Un chantier de Géant: le pont de l'île de Ré. Article of June 5, 1988 in L 'Actualité (PDF; 1.3 MB)
- les principes techniques de construction: Un pont à voussoir, celui de l'île de Ré . Film of the construction of the bridge, in French, but also understandable without sound, 12:33 min, with the option of calling up Pont à voussoir .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marcel Prade: Les grands ponts du monde . Première partie, Ponts remarquables d'Europe. Brissaud à Poitiers, ISBN 2-902170-65-3 , p. 248
- ↑ The technical information is based mainly on the contribution by Jean-Yves Gautier-Bret, Madame Didonato de la Semdas: Un chantier de Géant: le pont de l'île de Ré. Article of June 5, 1988 in L 'Actualité (PDF; 1.3 MB)
- ↑ SETRA - Service d'études techniques des routes et autoroutes , a state building planning, advisory and monitoring institution
- ↑ Histoire du pont de Ré on pont-ile-de-re.com
- ↑ 2018 Les tarifs du péage du pont de l'île de Ré on pont-ile-de-re.com
- ^ Cour administrative d'appel de Bordeaux, du 20 November 1990. Last judgment on a ban on the construction of the bridge
- ↑ Un câble d'un des viaducs du pont de l'île de Ré s'est rompu. Message dated September 14, 2018 on batinfo.com