Ponte Mammolo (bridge)
Coordinates: 41 ° 55 ′ 23 ″ N , 12 ° 34 ′ 5 ″ E
| Ponte Mammolo Nuovo | ||
|---|---|---|
| Convicted |
 Via Tiburtina (traffic to the east)
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| Subjugated | Aniene | |
| place | Rome | |
| construction | Stone arch bridge | |
| Number of openings | 3 | |
| completion | 1871 | |
| location | ||
|
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| Ponte Mammolo Antico | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Convicted | Via Tiburtina until 1857 |
| construction | Stone arch bridge |
| Number of openings | 2 |
Ponte Mammolo is the name of a stone arch bridge over the Aniene in the course of the former Via Tiburtina about eight kilometers northeast of the city center of Rome . From the name of the bridge, the name of the Roman quarter Ponte Mammolo and the name of a station of the Metropolitana di Roma are derived . The bridge from Roman times has been preserved as a ruin . It was replaced by today's road bridge in 1849 , which was supplemented by a second bridge in the 20th century.
Name of the structure
There are several interpretations of the origin of the name Ponte Mammolo , which was first proven in 1388. One assumption is that it can be traced back to the earlier name Pons Mammeus in honor of Julia Mamaea , who had the bridge renovated in the third century.
Older names of the bridge are the names Pons Mammi and Ponte Mammeo , which appeared in 1030 . They might refer to the family name Mammeo or Mammolo , which would suggest that a builder by that name built the bridge. Before the Roman Empire , the names of the bridges were often chosen after the name of the builder; during the Empire, they were usually given the name of the Pontifex Maximus , the ruling Roman Emperor . There was a governor of the Roman province of Sardinia et Corsica with the name Aulus Cornelius Mammula , but there is no known reference to bridge building.
Another interpretation is that the name goes back to the building material used, marble . From the name marmoreus , mammeus would have emerged and then changed to mammolo .
The name of the bridge has nothing to do with mammolette , the Italian name for violets .
history
The exact history of the Ponte Mammolo is unknown. Allegedly, Hannibal is said to have camped near the bridge on his campaign against Rome.
The old Ponte Mammolo, which still exists today, was probably built in the third century towards the end of the Roman Republic , when Via Tiburtina was being built. In 552 the bridge of Narses was rebuilt after it was destroyed by the Ostrogoth king Totila during the capture of Rome.
During the investiture controversy in 1111, the Roman-German King Henry V and Pope Paschal II met on the bridge, where the Treaty of Ponte Mammolo was concluded, which granted the king the right to invest . In 1133 Innocent II , accompanied by King Lothar III. and his wife Richenza from exile in France returned to Rome via this bridge.
Buildings
Ponte Mammolo Antico
The bridge, built in the second or third century, was made of tuff and travertine blocks. The bridge had a large arch with a smaller arch on one side. In the Middle Ages the bridge was provided with towers at both ends, which were probably used for defensive purposes.
The remains of the old Ponte Mammolo can still be seen today. The bridge is locked and is still used by Aqua Marcia .
Ponte Mammolo Nuovo
Today's bridge, which leads the eastward flowing traffic of the Via Tiburtina over the Aniene, was Pope Pius IX. build. It is about 400 meters below the old bridge and was completed in 1857 after a construction period of three years. The bridge was destroyed in 1867 by its own troops retreating from the battle of Mentana , where the troops had a dispute with the Garibaldi troops .
The completely rebuilt segment arch bridge is 63 m long and has a span of 25 m. Next to the main arch are two elliptical openings, each 8 m wide, which increase the cross-section of the flow during high water.
In the 1990s, another road bridge was built about 100 m west of the Ponte Mammolo Nuovo for traffic going into town, so that the Ponte Mammolo Nuovo is only used by traffic going out of town.
Web links
- Anna Zelli: Ponte Mammolo Antico (Roma). Retrieved April 13, 2014 (Italian).
- Anna Zelli: Ponte Mammolo Nuovo (Roma). Retrieved April 13, 2014 (Italian).
- Ponte Mammolo. Retrieved April 13, 2014 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Anna Zelli: Ponte Mammolo Antico (Roma). Retrieved April 13, 2014 (Italian).
- ^ Ferdinand Gregorovius : History of the city of Rome in the Middle Ages . Stuttgart 1869 ( Open Library - footnote p. 331).
- ^ Governatori romani di Sardegna e Corsica in the Italian Wikipedia
- ^ Ponte Mammolo. In: Roma SPQR . Retrieved April 20, 2014 .