Poppelsdorfer Allee
The Poppelsdorfer Allee is a boulevard in Bonn . Originally it connected the electoral palace with the Poppelsdorf palace over a length of exactly one kilometer . Today, the inner city end is separated as Kaiserplatz by the railway tracks of the left Rhine route , the remaining part is 800 meters long. The street is mostly built on with Wilhelminian style houses and with horse chestnuts .
Location and course
The axis of the original Poppelsdorfer Allee runs from northeast to southwest from Bonn city center through the southern part of the city to Poppelsdorf . It begins on the city side with a small piece of meadow on the Buonretiro wing of the Electoral Palace. Behind the street Am Neutor , it forms the 100 m long Kaiserplatz northeast of the main station , which bridges part of the Gumme lowland. Beyond Kaiserstrasse, there is a pedestrian underpass under the train tracks. From there it runs as the actual Poppelsdorfer Allee to Poppelsdorfer Schloss, where it is cut from northeast to southwest by Quantiusstrasse / Prinz-Albert-Strasse and Baumschulallee / Bonner Talweg . In the further course Argelanderstraße , Venusbergweg and Königstraße flow from the southeast .
investment
North of the train tracks
Kaiserplatz consists of two vehicle lanes on the east side, pedestrian areas on the other sides and a large meadow in the middle. In the north there are two antiquarian kiosks next to a rectangular, three-part fountain , in the west there are outdoor dining areas. At the southern end there is a memorial for the victims of National Socialism in Bonn. In the west, the station forecourt connects with the central bus station.
On the other side of Kaiserstraße there is another circular fountain , the Kaiserbrunnen. Between several small green areas, a cycle and footpath leads down to the railway underpass, in which there are several small shops.
Main line
After the southern end of the underpass, which is similar to the northern one, the main part of the avenue begins beyond Quantiusstraße, which, in contrast to the rest of the area, still bears this name today. The avenue is about 60 m wide here. The motor vehicle traffic flows in a single lane on the outer edges. On both sides there is a double footpath and bike path inwards, here are also the chestnuts. The middle of the avenue forms a meadow.
In front of the Poppelsdorf Palace
The main route ends in the south at the castle pond of Poppelsdorf Castle, which is crossed on a pedestrian bridge. Behind it there is another 100 m long parking lot directly in front of the castle.
Concept of flower colors
In the original layout, the different flower colors of the chestnut trees were used in a targeted manner: all along the main stretch, white-flowering trees were planted. In front of Poppelsdorfer Schloss, where the avenue is considerably wider, there are red-blooming ones. Only the last chestnuts in front of the castle bloomed white again. These graduation trees were particularly tall and powerful. Those who walked along the avenue in May experienced a pure white bloom for most of the time and only when they had almost reached the pond in front of the Poppelsdorf Castle did the sight change to the rows of red flowers. This surprising effect could still be clearly seen in 1980. In the meantime, on the one hand, individual red-flowering trees have been replanted on the main route and, on the other hand, old trees had to be felled in front of the castle. As a result, a special aspect of the overall planning has been lost.
history
18th century
By the middle of the 17th century there was already a wide, linden tree-lined road at the point of the later avenue. The idea for the actual Poppelsdorfer Allee came from Elector Joseph Clemens , who wanted a splendid line of sight between his city and country palace , based on the French and Italian models as well as that of the Schleissheim Palace in Munich. The original plan included a boat canal in the middle of the avenue, but this was not realized for financial reasons. Instead, the avenue was created under the next elector, Clemens August , essentially in the same shape that the main route still has today, from 1745 to 1755. The Kreuzbergkirche served as the destination of the line of sight, which, however, could not be precisely adhered to because the Cassius is located -Stift refused to give up some houses that obstruct the view. After its completion, the avenue was initially only allowed to be used by the elector and his court, and general traffic had to switch to Meckenheimer Allee to the west. At that time it was also planned to create a large system of avenues between all the castles in the region: Meckenheimer Allee led to the Herzogsfreude hunting lodge in Röttgen , and an avenue connecting the Poppelsdorfer Allee to Augustusburg Palace in Brühl was to be created. Only today's Nussallee was created from this project .
19th century
At the time of the French occupation, wagons were allowed on the avenue for the first time. These were banned again in 1812 and only gradually permitted again from 1840. In 1820 the avenue became the property of the University of Bonn . According to a local legend, the university's professors still enjoy historical grazing rights for their private animals on the avenue, in fact only animals from the agricultural institutes grazed here between 1845 and 1895. The development of the avenue with large town houses began in 1836/37 on the southern side of the street between today's Prinz-Albert-Straße and Bonner Talweg. Most of the development was built between 1870 and 1905. In the 1850s, the railway line, which previously ended in Bonn, was extended to the south in the former bed of the Gumme , a swampy branch of the Rhine, cutting up Poppelsdorfer Allee. Originally even a high embankment was planned that would have completely blocked the view from castle to castle. However , this was prevented by a request from the university senate to the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV and a level crossing was set up instead .
The Kaiserplatz at the other end owes its name to Kaiser Wilhelm I , whose statue in front of the west wing of the university was inaugurated by his grandson Wilhelm II in 1906, but was removed again after 1945 because of its inglorious suppression of the 1848 revolution . The Kaiserdenkmal has been relatively hidden in the beer garden of the Residence Hotel at the lower end of Kaiserplatz since 1989 .
20th century
In 1936 the level crossing was replaced by the underpass that still exists today. In the Second World War , as in the entire southern part of Bonn, there was only a few serious damage. In the course of the century, a few modern infill buildings were built, but the Wilhelminian style character of the avenue development has largely been preserved, today the majority of the area is a listed building . The intersection of the avenue through the large through road Baumschulallee / Bonner Talweg was created in the 1960s.
In the winter of 2010/11, Poppelsdorfer Allee was renovated and slightly rebuilt.
Buildings
The outstanding structures on the axis of Poppelsdorfer Allee are the two castles at their ends. Sights include the Wilhelminian style houses with their magnificent facades and decorations; House no. 108 with its original interior furnishings is to be released as a museum in the future. In addition, the old Argelanders observatory is located on the avenue , built according to plans by Karl Friedrich Schinkel , in which part of the Institute for Communication Sciences at the University of Bonn is now located. One of the two guard houses at the south end has survived. In addition, there are two houses of student associations on the avenue, namely that of the Marchia fraternity and the KDSt.V. Borusso-Westfalia. On the south side of the avenue are the partly listed administration buildings of the former German Herald as well as the Hotel Bristol , which were built in place of former Wilhelminian style houses. The Poppelsdorfer Allee including the Kaiserplatz is a protected monument together with the Poppelsdorfer Castle, the Botanical Garden and a guard house .
See also
literature
- Andreas Denk , Ingeborg flag : Architectural guide Bonn . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-496-01150-5 , p. 23.
Web links
- Pfennigsdorf Foundation: Poppelsdorfer Allee and Bonn's Südstadt
- Entry on Poppelsdorfer Allee in the database " KuLaDig " of the Rhineland Regional Association
Individual evidence
- ^ Alfred Philippson : The city of Bonn. Your location and spatial development (= Carl Troll (Hrsg.): Bonner geographical treatises , booklet 2). Ludwig Röhrscheid Verlag, Bonn 1947, p. 31.
- ^ Olga Sonntag : Villas on the banks of the Rhine in Bonn: 1819–1914 , Bouvier Verlag, Bonn 1998, ISBN 3-416-02618-7 , Volume 2, catalog (1), p. 18.
- ↑ Horst-Pierre Bothien, Erhard Stang: Mysterious Bonn , Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2003, ISBN 3-8313-1342-3 , p. 6.
- ^ Lothar Schenkelberg, Erhard Stang: Sightseeing flight over Bonn as it used to be , Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2001, ISBN 3-8313-1115-3 , p. 13.
- ↑ Bike and footpaths on Poppelsdorfer Allee are being renovated ( Memento from November 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ), press release from the city of Bonn, November 10, 2010
- ↑ List of monuments of the city of Bonn (as of March 15, 2019), number A 472
Coordinates: 50 ° 43 '43 " N , 7 ° 5' 48" E