Kreuzberg Church (Bonn)

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Kreuzberg Church (2006)
The Kreuzberg Church with the Holy Stairs (left), the Friends Chapel on the right (2010)
Aerial view of the Kreuzbergkirche (2013)
Blackboard on the church
Station Chapel of the Sorrowful Mother (2010)

The Kreuzberg Church is a church building in the Bonn district Endenich that by the year 1627 on behalf of the elector and archbishop of Cologne, Ferdinand of Bavaria , on the top of Kreuzberg was built. The towers of the church are visible from large parts of Bonn and the foothills . It stands as a complete system including the Holy Steps , the monastery building and three Stations of the Cross as a monument under monument protection .

history

Even before today's Kreuzbergkirche was built, there was a pilgrimage site on the Kreuzberg , where the holy cross was verifiably venerated from the 15th century.

The oldest surviving evidence is a wayside shrine on the way from Bonn- Ippendorf to Kreuzberg from 1616. In the vicinity of this wayside shrine there was a cross chapel until 1627, which was probably built in the late Gothic period. According to tradition, around 50,000 people made a pilgrimage to a cross above Bonn- Lengsdorf in 1429 . This cross was presumably in the same place where the cross chapel was built.

After this cruciform chapel was demolished, today's Kreuzbergkirche was built at another location on the Kreuzberg by order of the Archbishop of Cologne, Ferdinand von Bayern.

At the instigation of the archbishop, mendicant monks of the Servite order , who venerated the pains of the Blessed Mother in a special way, came from Innsbruck to Bonn in 1637 . A small convent was added to the west tower of the church for the monks . A planned larger convention, based on a plan that had survived, was never carried out. In the course of secularization , the Servites had to leave the church complex in 1802.

In 1746, Elector Clemens August donated the Holy Stairs , the planning of which was implemented by the famous master builder Balthasar Neumann , based on the style of the staircase in Augustusburg Castle in Brühl (built from 1740 to 1746). It is located in a representative building directly in front of the church, which is supposed to correspond to the house of Pontius Pilate . Embedded brass crosses on the second, eleventh and last of 28 steps mark the places where, according to legend, fragments of the cross of Christ are supposed to be embedded in the staircase. In a chapel at the end of the stairs there is an altar with a crucifixion group. The paintings in the vault address the triumph of the cross.

Thanks to the efforts of the Bonn court councilor Caspar Oppenhoff , the Kreuzbergkirche and Holy Stairs were saved from demolition in 1809.

At the time of the Jesuits , from 1855 to 1872, the wayside shrines of the " Seven Footfalls " were erected on the pilgrimage route from Bonn- Poppelsdorf and the 14 stations of the cross (1861–1865). The stations of the cross were built on the way around the church complex, but are only partially preserved. More wayside shrines were erected on the way from Bonn- Endenich to the church.

The Jesuits as residents of the church were followed by the Franciscans (OFM) from 1889 to the end of 1968 . They belonged to the Saxon Franciscan Province ( Saxonia ), from 1929 to the revived Cologne Franciscan Province ( Colonia ).

A center for international education and cultural exchange has been located there since 1970.

organ

The organ of the Kreuzbergkirche was built in 1969 by the organ building company Johannes Klais (Bonn) in a historical case of unknown origin. It replaced an instrument built in 1902 by the same company. Because of the renovation of the church, the organ had to be removed; In 1998 it was reinstalled with a few changes to the layout. The instrument has 26 stops on two manuals and a pedal . The Spieltrakturen are mechanically, the Registertrakturen electrically.

I upper section C – g 3
1. Principal 8th'
2. Viola da gamba 8th'
3. Reed flute 8th'
4th octave 4 ′
5. Dumped 4 ′
6th Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
7th Super octave 2 ′
8th. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
9. Cornett III
10. Mixture IV
11. Trumpet 8th'
12. Vox humana 8th'
II Rückpositiv C – g 3
13. Gedackt (B) 8th'
14th Gedackt (D) 8th'
15th Flaut travers (D) 8th'
16. Reed flute 4 ′
17th Principal 2 ′
18th Sif flute 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
19th Tintinabulum II 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
20th Mixture III
21st Dulcian 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
22nd Sub bass 16 ′
23. Principal 8th'
24. Dumped 8th'
25th octave 4 ′
26th trombone 16 ′
27. Trumpet 8th'

Bells

Bell tower

In the bell tower hangs a ring made of three bells , which were cast in 1925 by the Bachert bell foundry in Karlsruhe . Since they were spared the destruction of the Second World War , they are of monument value; only a few bells from this period have survived.

No.
 		 Casting year
 		 Foundry, casting location
 		 Diameter
(mm)		 Mass
(kg)		 Percussive
( HT - 1 / 16 )
1 1925 Alfred I. or Karl II. Bachert, Karlsruhe 1060 678 g 1 −7
2 1925 Alfred I. or Karl II. Bachert, Karlsruhe 880 380 b 1 −1
3 1925 Alfred I. or Karl II. Bachert, Karlsruhe 780 270 c 2 −5

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Kreuzbergkirche  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments of the city of Bonn (as of March 15, 2019), p. 52, number A 697
  2. ↑ 50 years of the Klais organ in the Kreuzbergkirche in Bonn. Accessed January 30, 2020 .
  3. ^ Concert organ of the Kreuzberg Church. In: Center for International Education and Cultural Exchange Kreuzberg-Bonn. Kreuzberg Bonn eV, archived from the original on July 19, 2011 ; accessed on January 20, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Gerhard Hoffs: Bell music of the Catholic churches in Bonn . ( Memento of the original of December 29, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.4 MB) p. 17. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.glockenbuecherebk.de


Coordinates: 50 ° 42 ′ 51.7 "  N , 7 ° 4 ′ 50.1"  E