Splendor willow

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Splendor willow
Salix magnifica (26096382173) .jpg

Splendor willow ( Salix magnifica )

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Malpighiales (Malpighiales)
Family : Willow family (Salicaceae)
Genre : Willows ( Salix )
Type : Splendor willow
Scientific name
Salix magnifica
Hemsl.

The splendid willow ( Salix magnifica ) is a large shrub from the genus of the willow ( Salix ) with thick, bare and red branches and up to 20 centimeters long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in China. It is sometimes used as an ornamental shrub.

description

The splendid willow is a usually about 2 to 6 meters high, stiffly upright and little branched shrub with thick, bare, initially purple and later red branches and equally colored, bare buds. The leaves have little or no stipules . The petiole is 1 to 3.5 inches long, thick and initially red in color. The thick, leathery leaf blade is 10 to 20 centimeters long, 8 to 11 centimeters wide, elliptical, egg-shaped or obovate-oblong, with a rounded, blunt, prickly or pointed end and rounded or more or less heart-shaped, rarely broadly wedge-shaped or narrower Base and irregularly glandular serrated leaf margin. The upper side of the leaf is bluish green, the underside gray-green in color. About 15 pairs of nerves are formed, which emerge almost at a right angle from the often reddish colored midrib. The leaf veins are raised on both sides of the leaf, initially shaggy hairy and soon balding.

Cylindrical catkins 10 to 18 centimeters long are formed as inflorescences on a 7 centimeter long stalk with two to five leaflets. The bracts are glabrous, 1.5 to 3 millimeters long, wide, obovate to elongated, with a blunt-rounded or truncated tip and an irregularly serrated leaf margin. The flowers have two nectar glands. Male flowers have two stamens about 5 millimeters long with initially purple and later yellow anthers. The ovaries of female flower is about 5 millimeters long, ovate-cylindrical and stalked about 2 millimeters long. The stylus is 1 millimeter long with a bilobed tip, the stigma has two columns. The capsule fruits are 5 to 7 millimeters long, almost sessile or stalked up to 4 millimeters long. The splendid willow flowers with the leaf shoots from May to June, the fruits ripen from June to July.

Occurrence and location requirements

The natural range is in China in the north and west of Sichuan . The magnificent willow grows in cool, moist forests or near bodies of water at an altitude of 2100 to 3000 meters on moderately dry to fresh, slightly acidic to alkaline, moderately nutrient-rich soils in sunny locations. The species loves warmth and is moderately frost hardy . The distribution area is assigned to winter hardiness zone 7a with mean annual minimum temperatures of −17.7 to −15.0 ° C (0 to 5 ° F).

In the Red List of the IUCN is Salix magnifica as endangered ( "Critically Endangered") out. It is pointed out, however, that a new check of the risk is necessary. The reason for the decline is the destruction of the species' habitat. The stocks in the Wolong nature reserve are undisturbed, however. The information relates only to the variety Salix magnifica var. Magnifica .

Systematics

The magnificent willow ( Salix magnifica ) is a species from the genus of willows ( Salix ) in the willow family (Salicaceae). It was first scientifically described in 1906 by William Botting Hemsley . The generic name Salix comes from Latin and was already used by the Romans for various types of willow. The specific epithet magnifica also comes from Latin, meaning "magnificent" or "great".

There are three varieties :

  • Salix magnifica var. Apatela (CK Schneider) KS Hao with obovate, elongated leaf blades with a narrowing base, pointed or blunt tip. The bracts of the catkins are ovate with a clipped tip. Male flowers have only one gland. The distribution area is in forests on mountain slopes at an altitude of 2600 to 3000 meters in the north of Sichuan. The taxon was created in 1916 by Camillo Karl Schneider as a separate species Salix apatela C. K. Schneid. described and assigned in 1936 by Hao Jingsheng as a variety of the species Salix magnifica .
  • Salix magnifica var. Magnifica with elliptical or egg-shaped leaf blades with a rounded or more or less heart-shaped base and a rounded, blunt or spiky tip. The ovary is bilobed, the fruit capsules are about 5 millimeters long and ovoid-elliptical. The range is near waters at altitudes of 2100 to 2800 meters in the west of Sichuan. The variety is considered endangered.
  • Salix magnifica var. Ulotricha (CK Schneider) N. Chao with a stalked ovary suddenly narrowing at the tip, hairy white shaggy. The fruit capsules are about 7 millimeters long, egg-shaped and almost bare. The distribution area is near bodies of water in 2100 to 2800 meters altitude in the west of Sichuan. The taxon was created in 1916 by Camillo Karl Schneider as a separate species Salix ulotricha CK Schneid. described and in 1984 assigned by Neng Chao as a variety of the species Salix magnifica .

use

The magnifica variety is sometimes used as an ornamental shrub because of its decorative flowers .

proof

literature

  • Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , pp. 193 (English).
  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 582.
  • Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 764 .
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 582 and Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 765
  2. ↑ a b Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 765
  3. ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 582
  4. ↑ a b c d e Cheng-fu Fang, Shi-dong Zhao, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Salix magnifica , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, p. 193
  5. ↑ Salix magnifica in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2012. Posted by: World Conservation Monitoring Center, 1998. Accessed August 12, 2012th
  6. ↑ a b Salix magnifica . In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed August 10, 2012 .
  7. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 552
  8. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 361
  9. ↑ Cheng-fu Fang, Shi-dong Zhao, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Salix magnifica var. Apatela , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, page 193
  10. ↑ a b Cheng-fu Fang, Shi-dong Zhao, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Salix magnifica var. Magnifica , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, p. 193
  11. ↑ Cheng-fu Fang, Shi-dong Zhao, Alexei K. Skvortsov: Salix magnifica var. Ulotricha , in the Flora of China , Volume 4, p. 193

Web links

Commons : Magnificent willow ( Salix magnifica )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files