Hauptallee (Vienna)
The main avenue (colloquially: Prater main avenue ) is about 4.4 km long avenue in Vienna Prater . It leads from the Praterstern to the pleasure house and was created in 1538 by felling in the alluvial forest to create a connection between the Augarten and the imperial hunting area in the Prater. The dead straight avenue consists of the main roadway and bridle paths and pedestrian promenades on both sides. In between, chestnut trees were planted in several rows. The main avenue has been in the 2nd district of Vienna, Leopoldstadt , since the suburbs were incorporated in 1850 .
history
The main avenue originally connected the imperial Favorita in the Augarten with the hunting grounds of the court in the Prater. The avenue was created in 1537/38 under Emperor Ferdinand I by felling in the Prater Auwald and was at times called "Long Walk". The road was originally divided into two parts by the Heustadlwasser arm of the Danube . The western part ran from the Augarten (later only from the Praterstern) to the so-called first rondeau , the eastern part ran from the second rondeau to the pleasure house. In between you had to walk or ride along the south bank of the Haustadlwasser. To combat unemployment after the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 , part of the Heustadl water was filled in and leveled so that the main avenue has run continuously from the Praterstern to the Lusthaus since 1867. The hay barn water has since been divided into an "upper" and a "lower" one.
course
Connecting track
At the beginning of the main avenue, from 1859 to 1959, a bridge of the connecting line between the north and south stations crossed the street and served the Praterstern stop, which was put into operation in 1900/1901, between the main avenue and exhibition street. Between the 1950s and 1959, the rail connection was relocated to the enlarged and converted Praterstern , where the Wien Praterstern station is now one of the most important regional transport hubs in Vienna, now also served by two underground lines. When the Praterstern was redesigned, a large roundabout was laid out, to which around 400 m of the main avenue (originally 4.8 km long) fell victim. The Praterstern could be reached from the old town by horse tramway since 1868.
Wurstelprater
Since the 1770s, the Wurstelprater , Vienna's large amusement park, has bordered the main avenue for the first 700 m of Hauptallee to the north , which, like the entire Prater, was opened to the public by Emperor Joseph II in 1766. Not far from the avenue are the Ferris wheel built in 1897 and the City of Vienna's planetarium, which opened in 1964 . (Before 1945, the amusement park was closer to the main avenue.)
After 1786, three coffee houses were set up on Hauptallee in front of Waldsteingartenstraße a short distance from each other on the northern side of the street , called the First , Second and Third Coffee House. They were popular destinations. In 1814 Ludwig van Beethoven played , in 1824 Joseph Lanner in the 1st coffee house; later dance bands such as those of Johann or Eduard Strauss played .
rotunda
From Praterstern about 1.1 km away, the main avenue is next to the 1873 south incurred Konstantin hill at the intersection of the main avenue with Rotunda Avenue and Kaiserallee the terminus of the previously ring road and Franz-Josefs-Kai trains running tram line 1 (the route was previously since 1873 used by a horse-drawn tram line). To the north, not far from Hauptallee 1873–1937, was the rotunda built for the 1873 World Exhibition , a huge exhibition building that burned down in 1937 and the new building of the Vienna University of Economics was completed in its place .
Stadion
About 2.3 km from the Praterstern, to the northeast near the avenue, is the Praterstadion (or simply stadium), which opened in 1931, and has also been called the Ernst Happel Stadium since 1992. The lawns of the Stadionbad, which opened in 1931, border directly on the main avenue. At the Stadionallee, the main avenue crosses city bus routes.
Haystack water
The approximately 1.3 km long middle section between the first (intersection with Stadionallee and Meiereistraße, 2.3 km from Praterstern) and the second Rondeau (confluence with Lusthausstraße, 3.6 km from Praterstern) was only laid out in 1867; Until then, the way to the Lusthaus ran roughly where Lusthausstraße is today: in an arch southwards along the southern bank of the Heustadelwasser , until 1875 an arm of the Danube that crossed the straight line of the Hauptallee twice.
About 3.1 km from the Praterstern, the six-lane city motorway A23 , known as the south -east bypass, has crossed the main avenue (and the Heustadelwasser) in an elevated position since 1970 . The most frequented motorway in Austria today was led over a previously particularly quiet part of the Green Prater. There is no connection to the main avenue.
Ostbahnbrücke
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About 200 m before the end of the main avenue by the Lusthaus, a bridge of the Ostbahn has been crossing the street since 1870 . S-Bahn and regional trains run through them to northern and eastern Lower Austria as well as trains to Brno , Prague , Krakow and Pressburg .
use
Until the end of the 19th century, the avenue was a popular excursion destination for the Viennese nobility, who drove out here in summer in their carriages; There are documented days on which around 1,200 stately carriages drove through the avenue and caused traffic jams on the way back to the city center. Events such as the Lauferrennen, a race of the stately runners, which was banned in the revolutionary year 1848, took place here. Before the Krieau harness racing track was built, horse races took place on the main avenue.
From 1886 on, Princess Pauline von Metternich organized the flower parade . For the workers, the main avenue was a popular parade ground after the labor movement grew stronger: Austria's first May parade took place here on May 1, 1890, and a flower parade for cyclists was held here in 1897. In 1903 there was the first automobile race in Hauptallee.
In the interwar period, the main avenue was conquered by the automobile. On the long straight one could live out the joys of the gentleman driver . Since June 1964, private car traffic has been largely prohibited in Hauptallee; Exceptions were occasionally granted for major events in the stadium. Today, the main avenue is a public recreational facility for cyclists, pedestrians, runners (for. Example, at the annual Vienna City Marathon ), horse-drawn carriage , rickshaw drivers and riders. When there is enough snow, the main avenue is used by cross-country skiers.
On October 12, 2019, the Kenyan Eliud Kipchoge became the first person to run a marathon in less than two hours (1:59:40). Most of the marathon route consisted of running down the main avenue several times, some of which also received new pavement.
Web links
- Hauptallee (Vienna) as an interactive 360 ° × 180 ° panorama photo (requires Adobe Flash )
- The Prater-Hauptallee on the wien.at website
- The story of the main avenue
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 16 ″ N , 16 ° 24 ′ 59 ″ E