Psenini

Psenini
Systematics
Order :	Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera)
Superfamily :	Apoidea
without rank:	Digger wasps (Spheciformes)
Family :	Crabronidae
Subfamily :	Pemphredoninae
Tribe :	Psenini
Scientific name
	Psenini
	A. Costa , 1858

The psenini are a tribe of digger wasps (Spheciformes) from the Crabronidae family .

features

Compared to the other tribes of the subfamily Pemphredoninae , the psenini are at the base of the family tree and have many original features. They are small to medium in size and 4 to 15 millimeters in length. The smallest species belong to the genus Ammopsen . In all species the first sternite of the abdomen is shaped like a stalk, it forms a petiolus , which can be very short in ammops . Three submarginal cells are visible on the forewings, in the related tribe Pemphredonini the wing veining is reduced, with only one or two submarginal cells. The males have 13 antenna segments, the females 12.

distribution

The species of Psenini are distributed worldwide, but the main distribution area is in the Holarctic and Oriental . Around 455 species in 11 genera are known worldwide, while in Europe there are 33 species in five genera. Four genera with 19 species also occur in Central Europe.

Way of life

The tribes are distinguished from the Pemphredonini mainly by their prey. In the genera Psen , Mimesa and Mimumesa , the females hunt small cicadas from the families of the dwarf cicadas (Cicadellidae), blood cicadas ( Cercopidae) and humpback chirps (Membracidae), the genus Psenulus either hunts aphids or leaf fleas , as do the females of the Pemphredonini.

Systematics

According to Pulawski (2009), the tribe includes the following genera:

Ammopsen Krombein, 1959
Deinomimesa Perkins, 1899
Lithium Finnamore, 1987
Mimesa Shuckard, 1937
Mimumesa Malloch, 1933
Nesomimesa Malloch, 1933
Odontopsen Tsuneki, 1964
Pluto Godfather, 1937
Psen Latreille, 1796
Pseneo Malloch, 1933
Psenulus Kohl, 1897

supporting documents

Individual evidence

↑ Richard Mitchell Bohart and Arnold S. Menke: Sphecid wasps of the world: a generic revision. University of California Press, 1976, p. 158 ISBN 978-0-52002-318-5

^ ^A ^b Manfred Blösch: The digger wasps in Germany: way of life, behavior, distribution . 1st edition. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2 , pp. 141 .

↑ Numbers of Sphecid Extant Species ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in: Wojciech J. Pulawski: Catalog of Sphecidae sensu lato. California Academy of Sciences, November 27, 2009 version @1@ 2

↑ ^a ^b Wojciech J. Pulawski: Family group names and classification , version May 22, 2009, online (PDF file; 110 kB), last accessed July 5, 2010.

↑ Psenini. Fauna Europaea, accessed July 25, 2010 .

literature

Manfred Blösch: The digger wasps in Germany: way of life, behavior, distribution . 1st edition. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2 .

[Bohart-1] Richard Mitchell Bohart and Arnold S. Menke: Sphecid wasps of the world: a generic revision. University of California Press, 1976, p. 158 ISBN 978-0-52002-318-5

[Blösch-2] A ^b Manfred Blösch: The digger wasps in Germany: way of life, behavior, distribution . 1st edition. Goecke & Evers, 2000, ISBN 3-931374-26-2 , pp. 141 .